PENGARUH TEKANAN DAN SUHU HASIL PENGAMBILAN MINYAK NABATI DARI BIJI MAHONI (SWIETENIA MACROPHYLLA KING) DENGAN MENGGUNAKAN PRESS HIDROLIK (Effect of Pressure, and Temperature To Results Taking of Vegetable Oil Seeds Mahogany (Swietenia Macrophylla King) using Hydraulic Press)

Abstract

Mahogany (Swietenia Macrophylla King) is one of the plants that have potential for producing alternative fuels. Plants Mahogany (Swietenia Macrophylla King) is one of the plants that have potential for producing alternative fuels. Mahogany plants have seeds that have the potential to produce mahogany seeds oil, especially beans are old and dry. Oil content in the mahagany’s seeds reach 30-50%. Mahogany seed oil extraction process using a hydraulic press. Pressing on the seeds need temperatures and pressures suitable for obtaining oil of good quality and high yield. Appropriate heating temperature will provide optimal conditions for the gas, oil and oil viscosity melt is reduced. Pressing with the pressure that is too low will cause oil yield so yielded little. Meanwhile, high pressure will produce oil with the acid number increase. Mahogany seeds sorted, and heated with the oven preheating temperature is 35˚C, 45 oC, 55 oC for 15 minutes and the pressure of 125 kg / cm2, 150 kg / cm2, 175 kg / cm2. Based on observations carried out at a temperature of 55 ° C with a pressure 175 kg / cm2 obtained the highest percentage of oil extraction in the amount of 25.4375% with a content of 2.3% moisture content, density obtained for 0,897gr / ml, viscosity obtained by the Cp 30.102 and has a sour figure of 8.005 mgKOH / g and a saponification number at 144.471 mgKOH / g. Keywords: Mahogany’s Seeds, Mahogany’s Seed Oil, Hydraulic Pres, Temperature, Pressure.