EFEKTIVITAS PEMBERIAN EKSTRAK BUAH MENGKUDU (Morinda citrifolia) TERHADAP PERKEMBANGAN LESI ATEROSKLEROSIS

Abstract

Latar Belakang: Parameter penyebab aterosklerosis adalah stres oksidatif. Salah satu cara untuk mencegah atau mengatasi kejadian aterosklerosis adalah mengoptimalkan bahan makanan yang mengandung antioksidan. Ekstrak buah mengkudu diharapkan mampu menghambat stres oksidatif pada kejadian aterosklerosis. Tujuan Penelitian: Membuktikan pengaruh ekstrak buah mengkudu (Morinda citrifolia) terhadap stres oksidatif pada tikus Rattus Norvegicus Strain Wistar yang diberi kuning telur (diet aterogenik). Metode Penelitian:Randomized post test with control group design dilakukan pada hewan coba sebanyak 25 tikus Rattus Norvegicus Strain Wistar yang dibagi menjadi lima kelompok. Satu kelompok hanya diberi aquades (P1), Satu kelompok hanya diberi kuning telur (P2), tiga kelompok diberi kuning telur dan ekstrak buah mengkudu 26 mg/KgBB/Hari (P3), 52 mg/KgBB/hari, dan 104 mg/KgBB/hari selama 28 hari. Stres oksidatif diukur dengan parameter MDA dan status aterosklerosis dengan penebalan tunika intima dan jumlah sel busa. Pemeriksaan variabel dilakukan dengan metode thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) dan pewarnaan HE. Analisis data menggunakan Kruskal Wallis dan oneway Anova dilanjutkan Uji ManWhitneydanPost Hoc. Hasil Penelitian:Kadar MDA pada akhir penelitian berbeda bermakna pada setiap kelompok. Perbedaan kadar MDA pada akhir penelitian antar kelompok (p=0,000)dengan kadar terendah pada kelompok perlakuan P3 (104 mg/KgBB/hari). Jumlah sel busa dan ketebalan tunika intima mulai berkurang pada kelompok perlakuan 3 (104 mg/KgBB/hari). Simpulan: status stres oksidatif dapat diturunkan atau dihambat dengan pemberian ekstrak buah mengkudu sebesar 104 mg/KgBB/hari. Kata kunci: aterosklerosis, ekstrak, mengkudu, stres oksidatif Background: Parameters for the cause of atherosclerosis are oxidative stress. One way to prevent or overcome atherosclerosis is to optimize foodstuffs containing antioxidants. Extract of noni fruit is expected to inhibit oxidative stress in the atherosclerosis occurrence. Objectives:To identify the effect of noni fruit (Morinda citrifolia) extract on oxidative stress in Rattus Norvegicus Strain Wistar mouse given an egg yolk. Methods: Randomized post-test only with control group design method was carried out on 25 Rattus Norvegicus Strain Wistar mouse divided into 5 groups. First group was just given aquadest (P1), the second groups just given en egg yolk and the other three group is given en egg yolk and noni fruit (Morinda citrifolia) extract with different dosage, i.e. 26 mg/KgWB/day (P3), 52 mg/KgWB/day (P4) and 104 mg/KgWB/day (P5) for 28 days. Oxidative stress data is found in the form of MDA and the atherosclerosis status measured by the thickening of Tunika Intima and the number of foam cells. Checking variables using the TBARS method and coloring HE. Data analysing using Kruskal Wallis and Oneway Annova is continued Post Hoc test and Man-Whitney U test. Result:MDA levels at the end of the study were significantly different in each group. Differences in MDA levels at the end of the study between groups (p = 0,000) with the lowest levels in the P3 treatment group (104 mg /KgWB /day). The number of foam cells and the thickness of the intima tunica began to decrease in treatment group 3 (104 mg/WB/day). Conclusion:oxidative stress status can be reduced or inhibited by giving noni fruit extract of 104 mg/KgWB /day. Keywords: atherosclerosis, extraction, Noni Fruit, oxidative stress