PERBEDAAN PROFIL LIPID SERUM DAN PERKEMBANGAN LESI ATEROSKLEROTIK AORTA ABDOMINALIS ANTARA KELOMPOK YANG DIBERI PERASAN PARE (MOMORDICA CHARANTIA) DAN KONTROL

Abstract

Background: Momordica charantia (MC) has anti-atherogenic effect that hoped may repair the blood lipid profile (BLP) and inhibit the atherosclerotic lesion. The aim of this study was compare the BLP, foam cells and the thickness of aortic walls (TAW) of Wistar induced atherosclerotic lesion, added with egg yolk and MC juice with MC juice only dietary. Methods: The research design was randomized post-test control group of 30 male Wistar, 20 weeks, health, fed with standard diet, drink water ad libitum, divided randomly into six groups. Group I and II only fed with standard food and egg yolk for three and six weeks. Group III and IV fed with only MC juice for three and six weeks. Group V and VI fed with egg yolk and MC juice for three and six weeks. The BLP (total cholesterol, HDL, LDL, triglyceride) were measured by enzymatic methods. The foam cells were counted as well as the TAW by HE-staining. The mean data were compared with Kruskall Wallis and Mann Whitney tests, by SPSS 12.0. Results: The highest mean of total cholesterol in Group II (251,1±5,8), the lowest in Group IV (116,5±6,6). The highest mean of HDL in Group V (100,1±3,5), the lowest in Group IV (59,1±5,2). The highest mean of LDL in Group II (117,9±1,1), the lowest in Group III (30,8±0,7). The highest mean of triglyceride in Group II (205,8±5,1), the lowest in Group IV (118,4±5,9). The highest mean of foam cells in Group II (69,0±6,1), the lowest in Group IV (14,2±3,6). The highest mean of TAW in Group II (237,8±23,1), the lowest in Group IV (138,7±10,8). The Kruskal Wallis test for total cholesterol was p<0,0001, HDL p=0,001, LDL p<0,0001, triglyceride p=0,001, foam cells p<0,0001 and TAW p=0,001. The Mann-Whitney U test between Group I vs III have significantly differences in total cholesterol total, LDL, foam cells and TAW (p=0,009); Group II vs IV have significantly differences in total cholesterol, HDL, LDL, triglyceride, foam cells and TAW (p=0,009); Group III vs IV have significantly differences in total cholesterol, HDL, LDL, and triglyceride (p=0,009); Group V vs VI have significantly differences in total cholesterol and HDL (p=0,009); Group III vs V have significantly differences in total cholesterol, HDL, LDL, triglyceride, foam cells and TAW (p=0,009); Group IV vs VI have significantly differences in total cholesterol, HDL, foam cells and TAW (p=0,009). Conclusion: The MC juice may decrease the LDL, total cholesterol, and triglyceride, increase the HDL, reduce the foam cells as well as TAW. There was a trend of decreasing in BLP, the foam cells and TAW for 6 and 3 weeks dietary. There was significantly difference in total cholesterol, HDL, LDL between Group with MC juice only, as well as significant- increasing trend in the foam cells and TAW. Key Words: Momordica charantia, blood lipid profile, the progression of atherosclerotic lesion