PENGARUH TEKANAN PRESS DAN WAKTU PENGEPRESAN TERHADAP PEROLEHAN MINYAK KELAPA SAWIT DENGAN METODE PENGEPRESAN HIDROLIK (Effect of Pressure Press and Pressing Time on Crude Palm Oil Yield using Hydraulic Pressing Methode)

Abstract

Palm oil is obtained from the processing of oil palm fruits (Elaeis guineensis Jacq). Oil palm fruit consists of fibers of the fruit (pericarp) and core (kernel). The fibers of the fruit consists of three layers, namely the outer layer or rind, called the pericarp, the inner layer called mesocarp and the innermost layer is called endocarp. By seeing a high oil content in palm fruit which amounted to 45-70% then the oil has the potential to be exploited. Palm oil making process can be done in two ways, among others, the pressing (pressing), and solvents (solvent). Two common ways is by mechanical pressing methods include hydraulic presses (hydraulic pressing) and pressing threaded (screw pressing). In this research study on the influence of the pressing time and pressing pressure against the acquisition of palm oil by hydraulic pressing method. Palm oil is separated between the fruits and seeds then cut the fruit into small pieces then heated to 90 ° C temperature variable, and then pressed using a hydraulic press. From the results of research on the variables of time, the biggest yield obtained at the optimum time of 50 minutes with a yield of 48.560% and the biggest variable yield pressure obtained at the optimum pressure of 150 kg / cm2 with a yield of 48.328%. Analysis of organoleptic tests, density, viscosity, acid number and saponification numbers, it can be concluded that palm oil produced to meet the standard of SNI 01-2901-2006.