OPTIMASI PROSES EKSTRAKSI MINYAK NABATI DARI BIJI KARET MELALUI METODE PENGEPRESAN BERULIR (SCREW PRESSING) (Extraction Optimization Process of Vegetable Oil from Rubber Seed using Screw Press)

Abstract

Rubber seed is one of vegetable oil crops non edibel prospective as a raw material for biodiesel. Rubber seed oil potential in Indonesia is quite large in addition it is not competing with the food make it worthy of vegetable oils as a raw material to be converted into bioediesel. Vegetable oil is one crop that has potential as a hydrocarbon source or sources of energy in Indonesia. This study aims to determine the optimum process parameters to produce vegetable oil from the seeds of the rubber by using screw press. Rubber seed oil extraction is done by compression rubber seeds per 250 grams pressing. Seed treatment before pressed rubber is cut to a size of 0.25 cm da heated at a temperature of 70C. The observed process variables such as heating time (30; 40 minutes), the temperature of the pressing (60; 80 ° C), and screw speed (220; 225 rpm). Process is done gradually covering pretreatmen raw materials, and the pressing rubber seed. At the end of the analysis carried out in the form of density, viscosity, water content, acid number and saponification numbers to determine the quality of the oil. The analysis shows the greatest yield of 7.6% on the operating conditions of a preheating time of 45 minutes, pressing temperature of 80C, and a screw speed of 200 rpm with the results of the analysis of water content of 16.5%, the density of 0.925 g / ml, the viscosity of 42, 78 cp, 0.324% the value of the acid number and saponification value of 189.05 mg-KOH / g. To menentukkan worthiness and quality as materials for biodiesel needs to be done further research and testing to kaet seed oil and the application using screw press. Keywords: rubber seed, screw press, vegetable oil