PENGARUH TEMPERATUR, KECEPATAN PUTAR ULIR DAN WAKTU PEMANASAN AWAL TERHADAP PEROLEHAN MINYAK BIJI KAPUK DARI BIJI KAPUK DENGAN METODE PENEKANAN MEKANIS (SCREW PRESS) (Effects of Temperature, Screw Rotation Speed, and Preheating Time on Yield of Cotton Oil from Cotton Seed with Mechanical Pressing Method (Screw Press)

Abstract

Kapok (Ceibapetandra) is a plant whose seeds are used as a source of vegetable oil and biodiesel. Cotton seeds contain oil that is 25,67- 43.64 grams per 100 grams of seed cotton. The main content of which is large enough concentrations of protein and gossypol content (pigment color cotton seeds) .. How the screw pressing need pre-treatment consists of the cooking process or tempering. The object of this research is to study the effect of temperature, speed rotary screw and a preheat the kapok seed oil yield. Cotton seeds sorted and cleaned and then heated at a temperature of 50ºC with variable time. Cotton seeds are compressed with variable temperature and screw rotational speed. The analysis will be conducted on a product are yield, density, viscosity, acid number and saponification. From the lab that has been done, the oil that has the color and turbidity of the most good and the value of the acid number and saponification in accordance with the terms of oil quality standards are run 8 is the temperature of 70ºC, the initial 30 minute warm-up time, and a speed of 220 rpm. Value acid number 8 is run by 1.34 mg KOH / g oil and saponification value of 105.188 mg KOH / g of oil. Acquisition yield of 2.8% and its yield amounted to 80.95%. Keywords: cotton seed, cotton seed oil, Screw pressings