Beberapa Faktor Risiko yang Berhubungan dengan Kematian Pasien Pneumonia Komunitas di RSUP Dr. Kariadi Semarang

Abstract

Background Community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) is both an infectious disease with a substantial prevalence in Indonesia and one of the 10 leading causes of death worldwide. Therefore, researches about risk factors influencing death in CAP patients are required. Aim To analyze risk factors associated with death among patients with CAP in RSUP Dr. Kariadi Semarang. Methods This is an analytic observational research with a cross-sectional design. The sample was 96 adult patients with community-acquired pneumonia who were registered in RSUP Dr. Kariadi Semarang from July 2013 to July 2014. The data for risk factors were taken from secondary source which was their medical records. The risk factors studied here were sex, age, history of smoking, diabetes mellitus, asthma, serum natrium concentration, respiratory rate, blood pressure, body temperature, neoplasms, and death, each of which were categorized binomial categorically. The association between risk factors and death was statistically analyzed using Chi-square followed by logistic regression. Results Risk factors associated with death in CAP patients in this research are diabetes mellitus with prevalence ratio (PR) 4,7 (95% CI: 1,2 – 18,3), respiratory rate (>30x/minute) with PR 10,9 (95% CI: 3,0 – 39,6), blood pressure systolic <90 mmHg or diastolic ≤60 mmHg) with RP 8,8 (95% CI: 2,4 – 32,0), temperature (<35°C atau ≥40°C) with PR 25,0 (95% CI: 2,7 – 245,9), and neoplasm with PR 10,2 (95% CI: 2,2 – 47,0). Conclusion Risk factors associated with death among community-acquired pneumonia patients are respiratory rate, blood pressure, diabetes mellitus, and neoplasm. Keywords: Risk factors, community-acquired pneumonia, death