KOLONISASI BAKTERI PATOGEN POTENSIAL PENYEBAB INFEKSI DAERAH OPERASI PADA KULIT PASIEN PRAOPERATIF

Abstract

Background : Surgical site infection (SSI) is associated with morbidity and mortality of postoperative patient. The most common pathogen bacteria that caused SSI were S. aureus, E. coli, Enterobacter sp, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Klebsiella sp. Skin colonization by potential pathogenic bacteria is risk factor for SSI. Aim : To determine the prevalence of skin colonization by potential pathogenic bacteria causing SSI and to analyze whether gender, diabetes mellitus, nutritional status, and history of using antibiotic within three days before surgery were the risk factors. Methods : Observational analytic study with cross sectional data retrieval was performed. Thirty-eight preoperative patients in the surgical ward of Dr Kariadi hospital were taken their skin swab around the incision area within 2 hours before the surgery. Patients’ data were taken from medical record. Nutritional status was measured based on Body Mass Index. Isolates from skin swab were identified in microbiology laboratory. The association between risk factors and skin colonization by potential pathogenic bacteria were analyzed using chi square/fischer exact test. Result : The prevalence rate for S. aureus, E. coli, Enterobacter sp, Pseudomonas sp., and Klebsiella sp. skin colonization were 94.7%, 0%, 2.6%, 5.3% and 5.3% respectively. Bivariate analysis resulted in no significant value for all variables. Conclusion : The prevalence of skin colonization by S. aureus was very high; That of Gram negative bacili was low. There was no significant difference of skin colonization prevalence with regard to gender, diabetes mellitus, nutritional status, and history of using antibiotic within three previous days. Keyword : SSI, Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Enterobacter sp, Pseudomonas sp. , Klebsiella sp., colonization, preoperative