LAPORAN PENELITIAN HIBAH PENELITIAN STRATEGIS NASIONAL TAHUN 2009

Abstract

Abstract The purpose of this research to explain historical study on the development of batik trade and industry in Pekalongan in 1900-1998. The low tide of Pekalongan batik depend on the dynamic of product demand. The research show that the Pekalongan batik industry has undergone two stages in the development of it’s production. In the end of 19th century, batik was produced for commercial commodities. Batik product made in Pekalongan were sold on local and domestic markets, while a small quantity was marketed abroad. Before that time, batik was produced as an work of art for self-sufficient in batik clothing. The pioneer of batik entrepreneur in Pekalongan was Dutch women who developed Dutch batik since in about 1880. Then Chinese, Arabic, and native entrepreneur also involved in batik industry activities for trade commodity. This research uses historical method as follows: collecting and selecting historical sources, criticizing historical sources by external and internal critic, interpreting historical facts, and historical writing. Sociological and economics approach is used to interpret historical facts about historical events, changes, and development relevant to the theme. As a batik city, Pekalongan is the place where batik strongly influenced by China, Arab, European-Dutch, and Japan culture. On the other hand, Pekalongan batik was influenced by local style from Surakarta, Yogyakarta, Lasem, Madura, Cirebon, an other places. These various influence effected Pekalongan batik so beautiful and interesting, have various motif and colorful. In Pekalongan, batik industry was an important element in economic activity. The small-scale Pekalongan batik industry has been able to stimulate growth and expansion in other sectors, especially in service and trade. Intervention by a number of parties, specifically by the government have occurred in the production sector of the industry. Nevertheless, these interventions still tend to be administrative is nature and have not yet touched upon the basic problems that are faced by small-scale batik producers as a whole. The consequence is that the Pekalongan batik industry has not as yet experienced rapid growth. Key words : batik, economic, industry, trade.