INSTRUMEN ATURAN-ATURAN BANGUNAN DALAM PENGENDALIAN PEMBANGUNAN DI KOTA SURAKARTA

Abstract

Building permit (Ijin Mendirikan Bangunan/IMB) is one of the development control mechanism in Indonesia that allows people to develop their land. The idea in using this permit to control development may come from a reasonable thought, i.e. managing building as the core of urban development will be able to create a proper urban planning. Therefore, as one of control system, building permit has to follow regulations that have been determined by the authority. Concerning the issue above, Surakarta’s municipality has determined a bundle of regulation functioned as guidance for permit decision into a municipal regulation (Peraturan Daerah/ Perda) as well as convention regulation. That regulation control Building Coverage Ratio (Koefisien Dasar Bangunan/KDB), Floor Average Ratio (Koefisien Lantai Bangunan/KLB), Set Back Building (Garis Sempadan Bangunan), and Building Height. Unfortunately, the implementation of that regulation is frequently questioned because the procedure and the phenomenon of building permit which has been issued by the local government was not effectively implemented. Hence, this study aims to answer the question on to what extent the building regulation has been used in controlong urban land development in Surakarta. This study uses comparative and qualitative descriptive analyses. The first analysis aims to observe whether that regulation have been considered in issuing a building permit. The second analysis is used to identify how the factors above influence the implementation of that regulation. The triangulation technique that combines desk study, interview with the apparatus, questioners for IMB owners, and direct observation was used to collect the data. The result of study shows that building permit was not issued based on the available regulation and moreover not considered as a preventive action to control land development. The deviation between the determined ragulation and the building permit issued was affected by some factors, e.g. bureaucracy system that does not use them as a control function to integrate permit decisions, low commitment of local government staffs in controlling land development, and political intervention from its higher level of local government authority. To overcome these problems, a brief regulation and a punishment mechanism are certainly needed. Besides, improvement of apparatus quality, optimization of coordination and watching system in building permit process are supposed to be able to support urban land development. Key words: builing regulation, building permit, implementation, development