EFISIENSI USAHA PETERNAKAN SAPI PERAH MASA LAKTASI (Studi Kasus di Kabupaten Banyumas Jawa Tengah)

Abstract

ABSTRACT This research has purpose to recognize the amount of income and efficiency level of dairy cow husbandry business in the period of lactation raised by public husbandry. The income was calculated by substracting total revenue to total production cost. Whereas, in estimating the efficiency level, the instrument of DEA efficiency analysis was used. The result of calculation to the income of dairy cow husbandry business in the period lactation was recognized that most of raised livestock (55,22%) didn't gain profit for breeders. There were only 44,78% livestock gained profit. The estimation result to the avarage of Technical Efficiensy Level (ET) Price (EH), and Economical (EE) were (a) The livestock group I, ET was 69,36%, EH was —6,19%, and EE was 4,14%. (b) The livestock group II, ET was 70,58%, EH was —16,79%, and EE was 20,72%. (c) The livestock group III, ET was 71,04%, EH was —69,62%, and EE was —18,01%. The production cost on economical efficiency level of 100% for each groups of livestock was : (a) The livestock group I was Rp.598,09/litre, (b) The livestock group II was Rp.485,93/litre, (c) The livestock group III was Rp.887,25/litre. Keywords : income, technical efficiency, price, economical, dairy cow, lactation period ABSTRAK Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui besarnya pendapatan dan tingkat efisiensi usaha peternakan sapi perah masa laktasi yang dipelihara oleh petemalc rakyat. Pendapatan dihitung dengan mengurangkan total penerimaan dengan total biaya produksi. Sedangkan untuk mengestimasi tingkat efisiensi digunakan alat analisis efisiensi DEA Hasil perhitungan terhadap pendapatan usaha peternakan sapi perah masa laktasi diketahui bahwa sebagian besar temak (55,22%) yang dipelihara belum dapat mendatangkan keuntungan bagi peternak, hanya 44,78% ternak yang mendatangkan keuntungan. Hasil estimasi terhadap rata-rata tingkat efisiensi teknis (ET), harga (EH), dan ekonomi (EE) adalah (a) Kelompok ternak I, ET sebesar 69,36%, EH-6,19%, dan EE 4,14%. (b) Kelompok ternak II, ET sebesar 70,58%, EH- 16,79%, dan EE 20,72%. (c) Kelompok ternak III, ET sebesar 71,04%, EH- 69,62%, and EE-18,01%. Biaya produksi pada tingkat efisiensi ekonomis 100% untuk setiap kelompok ternak adalah: (a) Kelompok ternak I Rp.598,09/liter, (b) Kelompok ternak II Rp.485,93/liter, (c) Kelompok ternak III Rp.887,25/liter. Kata kunci : pendapatan, efisiensi teknis, harga, ekonomis, sapi perah, masa laktasi