ANALISIS EAKTOR-EAKTOR YANG MEMPENGARUHI PENERIMAAN OPINI GOING CONCERN PADA PERUSAHAAN MANUFAKTUR YANG MENGALAMI FINANCIAL DISTRESS DI BURSA EFEK JAKARTA

Abstract

ABSTRACT The main purpose of this study is to examine the role of outside director audit committee in mitigating the independence of external auditor, basically in issuing the going concern audit report. In financial distress' company, the study found many indicator potentially going concern problem. Factors that were analyzed are the effect of outside director audit committee, debt default, financial condition, previous audit report, size and auditor scale On the probability of receiving going concern audit report in the financial distress company. Samples were gathered from 86 manufacturing companies which had financial distress that were publicy listed in JSX in 2002 reporting period. 35 companies received going concern audit report (GC) and the rest, 51 companies received non going concern audit report (NGC). Zscore developed by Altman (1984) was used to calculate the extent of financial condition. Logistic regression was used to examine the factors that are predicted to affect the probability of receiving going concern audit report. This study reveals that debt dethult, financial condition and previous audit report are significantly affect the probability of receiving going concern audit report. The result is consistent with previous research (Carcello and Neal 2000; Chen and Church 1992) and also support the interview by Mutchler (1984) with auditors about debt default status as problematical indicators of going concern problem. However, the result of this study can not explain the presence of outside director audit committee in assisting the auditors to issue going concern audit report. This study contributes to the Bapepam in order to force the audit committee to be more independent in monitoring management's financial reporting process. Key words: Going concern audit report, outside director audit committee, financial distress, Zscore Altman, debt default ABSTRAKSI Penelitian ini bertujuan menguji peran komisaris independen pada komite audit dalam melindungi independensi auditor eksternal, terutama dalam pengeluaran keputusan going concern. Pada perusahaan yang mengalami kesulitan keuangan banyak ditemukan indikator potensial masalah going concern. Faktor-faktor yang diuji dalam penelitian ini adalah pengaruh komisaris independen pada komite audit, default hutang, kondisi keuangan, opini audit tahun sebelumnya, ukuran perusahaan dan skala auditor terhadap kemungkinan penerimaan opini going concern pada perusahaan yang mengalarni kesulitan keuangan. Sampel penelitian adalah 86 perusahaan industri manufaktur yang mengalami kesulitan keuangan terdaftar di BEJ tahun 2002. Sebanyak 35 perusahaan menerima opini going concern (GC), dan sisanya 51 perusahaan menerima opini non going concern (NGC). Digunakan nilai Zscore dad analisis diskriman Altman (1984) untuk menghitung tingkat kondisi keuangan. Regresi logistik digunakan untuk menguji faktor-faktor yang diduga berpengaruh terhadap kemungkinan penerimaan opini going concern. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan pengaruh default hutang, kondisi keuangan dan opini audit tahun sebelumnya terhadap kemungkinan penerimaan opini going concern adalah signifikan secara statistik. Hash l ini konsisten dengan penelitian terdahulu (Carcello dan Neal 2000, Chen dan Church 1992) dan memperkuat wawancara yang dilakukan Mutchler (1984) terhadap auditor mengenai status default sebagai indikator potensial masalah going concern. Walaupun demikian, penelitian ini tidak berhasil menjelaskan keberadaan komisaris independen pada komite audit dalam membantu auditor mengeluarkan keputusan opini going concern, tetapi penelitian ini memberikan implikasi kepada pihak Bapepam selaku regulator perusahaan go public di Indonesia untuk menyerukan lebih independennya komite audit dalam memonitor proses pelaporan keuangan manajemen. Kota kunci: Opini going concern, komisaris inclependen komite audit, kesuldan keuangan, Zscore Allman, gagal bayar hutang.