PENGELOLAAN LIMBAH CAT PADA INDUSTRI KEMASAN PLASTIK KECANTIKAN DENGAN PENDEKATAN TEKNOLOGI DAN LIFE CYCLE ASSESMENT (LCA)

CITRA, Ari Dina Permana and Purwanto , Purwanto and Sunoko, Henna Rya (2020) PENGELOLAAN LIMBAH CAT PADA INDUSTRI KEMASAN PLASTIK KECANTIKAN DENGAN PENDEKATAN TEKNOLOGI DAN LIFE CYCLE ASSESMENT (LCA). PhD thesis, School of Postgraduate.

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Abstract

Industri kemasan kosmetik memproduksi aneka jenis kemasan yang digunakan untuk pewadahan produk produk kosmetik. Limbah yang dihasilkan industri berupa limbah padat, limbah cair, air limbah dan emisi udara. Timbulan limbah baik yang bersifat berbahaya dan beracun (B3) maupun limbah non B3 merupakan persoalaan yang dihadapi oleh industri. Pengelolaan limbah cat yang merupakan limbah B3 ditujukan untuk mentaati peraturan perundangan, dilakukan oleh pihak ketiga yang memerlukan biaya untuk trasportasi dan penimbunan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi timbulan limbah B3 dan pengelolaannya, dampak lingkungan pengelolaan limbah cat melalui kajian life cycle assessment (LCA), pemanfaatan limbah cat sebagai bahan baku produk paving block, dan strategi pengelolaan limbah cat berdasarkan aspek ekonomi, lingkungan dan kesehatan. Penelitian bersifat eksloratif dan eksperimental dilakukan di industri kemasan kosmetik, industri pembuatan paving block, laboratorium universitas dan laboratorium analisis untuk memperoleh data primer. Penelitian menggunakan peralatan proses produksi untuk pengecatan, mesin pengering limbah cat, alat press paving block, dan peralatan untuk uji kuat tekan/kokoh, alat uji perembesan dan alat uji analisis toxicity characteristic leaching procedure (TCLP). Kajian dampak lingkungan berdasarkan LCA menggunakan perangkat lunak SimaPro versi edukasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan jenis limbah yang ditimbulkan industry kemasan kosmetik berupa limbah padat plastik dan limbah non B3 lainnya serta limbah cat sebagai limbah B3. Pengelolaan limbah dilakukan mulai dari upaya pengurangan, daur ulang, pengolahan untuk memenuhi baku mutu lingkungan dan pengelolaan limbah cat pihak ketiga, dan peluang pemanfaatan limbah cat sebagai bahan campuran produk paving block. Pengurangan timbulan limbah cat dengan cara rekayasa proses dapat mengurangi limbah cat sebesar 17%-26%. Paving block menggunakan campuran limbah cat basah dengan kadar 1-15% Produk paving block dengan campuran limbah cat basah menenuhi mutu B dan C untuk kadar limbah sampai dengan 5% dari uji paving block menggunakan kadar 1-15%, sedangkan produk dengan limbah cat kering memenuhi mutu A dan B berdasarkan SNI 03-0691-1996. Uji TCLP terhadap bahan baku limbah cat dan produk paving block, nilai parameter uji memenuhi baku mutu. Strategi pengelolaan limbah cat didasarkan pada aspek ekonomi yang menguntungkan, aspek lingkungan dengan adanya penurunan dampak lingkungan hasil LCA dan pemenuhan baku mutu uji TCLP, serta pengunaan alat pelindung diri yang sesuai yaitu masker dan sarung tangan kimia dapat mencegah terjadinya efek negatif bagi kesehatan dan mencegah kecelakaan kerja. Pengelolaan limbah industri kemasan kosmetik dapat dilakukan mulai dari tahapan pencegahan timbulan limbah dari proses produksi dilanjutkan dengan upaya-upaya pengurangan melalui rekayasa teknik, mendaur ulang limbah ke dalam proses dan memanfaatkan limbah B3 sebagai bahan baku untuk diproses menjadi produk yang berguna. Kata-kata kunci : pengelolaan limbah, industri kemasan kosmetik, paving block, LCA The cosmetics packaging industry produce various types of packaging that are used for cosmetic products. Waste generated by this industry in the form of solid and liquid waste, wastewater and air emissions. The generation of hazardous waste and non-hazardous waste is a problem faced by industry. The management of paint waste which is hazardous waste is intended to comply with laws and regulations, carried out by third parties who require fees for transportation and landfill. This study aims to identify the generation of industrial waste and its management, the environmental impact of paint waste management through a life cycle assessment (LCA), the use of paint waste as raw material for paving block products, and the paint waste management strategy based on economic, environmental and health aspects. Research is explorative and experimental type carried out in the cosmetics packaging industry, paving block manufacturing industry, university laboratories and analysis laboratories to obtain primary data. The study uses production process equipment for painting, paint waste dryer, paving block press equipment, and equipment for compressive strength test, permeation test equipment and toxicity characteristic leaching procedure (TCLP) analyzer. An environmental impact assessment based on LCA uses the educational version of SimaPro software for calculation. The results showed the type of waste caused by the cosmetic packaging industry in the form of plastic solid waste and other non-hazardous waste and mainly paint waste as hazardous waste. Waste management is carried out starting from the efforts to reduce, recycle, waste treatment to meet environmental quality standards and paint waste by third party. The opportunity for the use of paint waste as a mixture of paving block products provide benefit for the cosmetic industry. Reduction of paint waste generation by means of process engineering diminish paint waste by 17% -26%. The production of paving blocks use a mixture of sludge paint waste with 1-15% levels, meet the quality of B and C for waste levels up to 5%, while paving block products with dry paint waste meet the quality of A and B based on SNI 03-0691- 1996. TCLP test carried out for paint waste and paving block products respectively, indicate the value of the test parameters meets the quality standard. The paint waste management strategy is based on profitable economic aspects, environmental aspects with a decrease in the environmental impact of LCA results and compliance with TCLP test quality standards, and the use of appropriate personal protective equipment ie masks and chemical gloves can prevent negative effects on health and prevent accidents work. The waste management on the cosmetics packaging industry could be developed starting from preventing waste generation from the production process followed by reduction efforts through engineering design, recycling waste into the process and utilizing hazardous waste as raw material to be processed into useful products. Keywords : waste management, cosmetic packaging industry, paving block, LCA

Item Type:Thesis (PhD)
Uncontrolled Keywords:pengelolaan limbah, industri kemasan kosmetik, paving block, LCA
Subjects:T Technology > TD Environmental technology. Sanitary engineering
Divisions:School of Postgraduate > Doctor Program in Environmental Science
ID Code:83485
Deposited By:INVALID USER
Deposited On:30 Aug 2021 09:15
Last Modified:30 Aug 2021 09:15

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