WINOTO , ADI (2004) IDEOLOGI PANGAN DAN POLA KONSUNSMSI PANGAN ETNIS TIONGHOA DI SALATIGA (STUDI KASUS PADA WARGA KLIENTENG HOK TEK BIO). Undergraduate thesis, Diponegoro University.
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Official URL: http://www.fkm.undip.ac.id
Abstract
Penelitian bertujuan untuk mengetahui ideologi pangan dan pola konsumsi pangan etnis Tionghoa di Salatiga, dengan mendeskripsikan ideologi pangan entnis Tionghoa yang mencakup preferensi pangan, tabu makanan, hubungan makanan dengan konsumsi sakit dan sehat, cara pengolahan, cara penyajian, dan distribusi makanan; dan mendekripsikan pola konsumsi makanan dari frikuensi penggunananbahan pangan dalam kehidupan etnis Tionghoa Salatiga. Fokus penelitian adalah ideologi pangan dan pola konsumsi pangan; ideologi pangan adalah berbagai sikap, kepercayaan, kebiasaan dan tabu yang mempergaruhi susunan menu suatu kelompok masyarakat, sedangkan pola konsumsi pangan adalah susunan makanan yang mencakup jenis dan jumlah bahan makanan rata-rata perorang perhari yang umum dikonsumsi/dimakan pendudukan dalam jangka waktu tertentu. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian deskriptif kualitatif, dengan metode yang digunakan studi kasus dan wawancara mendalam. Subyek penelitian adalah etnis Tionghoa mengikuti kegiatan diKlenteng Hok Tek Bio Salatiga berjumlah 150 kepala keluarga. Subyek penelitian terdiri atas informan ideologi pangan terdiri 2 orng dan responnden kuesioner frekuensi pangan berjumlah 60 orang. utama penelitian adalah peneliti dengan didukung Instrumen antara lain: catatan untuk wawancara, pedoman wawancara mendalam dan kuesioner frekuensi pangan. Data primer berupa ideologi pangan dan pola konsumsi pangan diperoleh dengan wawancara dan observasi, dzadengan wawancara dan observasi, data sekun sekunder berupa gambara wilayah dan riwayat Klenteng Hok Tek Bio diperoleh dari lembaga yang bersangkutan.Validitas dan realibilitas ditetapkandengan teknik pemeriksaan atas dasar kriteria kepercayaan, keteralihan, ketergantungan, dan kepastian. Pengolahan data dilakukan dengan mengedit, memeket catatan lapangan dan menabulasi. Data dianalisis dengan pemrosesan satuan, kategorisasi dan penafsiran data. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan warga Klenteng Hok Tek Bio Salatiga, memiliki ideologi pangan antara lain : pangan yang disukai adalah mie,ayam,babi,tahu,kecap,sawi,tteh dan ciu; tabu makanan meliputi tabu untuk anak-anak dan bayi, gadis,ibu hamil, ibu menyusui, jamuan makan dan pengolahan makanan. Unsur kesehatan dalam makanan berupa seimbangan makanan, tat cara makan, penggunaan tonikum,bubur dan sup untuk menjaga kesehatan, serta makanan yang wajib dan pantang bagi penderita sakit. Cara mengolah pangan menurut tradisi Tionghoa menggukakan alat, teknik dan bumbu yang khas; serta didasari oleh tiga unsur dan lima bagian kunci masakan Tionghoa. Makanan yang telah dioleh, disajikan dengan mangkuk, sumpit, sendok sup, dan cawan minum. Penyajian tersebut dengan memperhatikan sepuluh kesempurnan masakan Tionghoa seperti yang diajarkan oleh Kongngfusius. Orang Tionghoa mendistribusikan makanan dengan mengutamakan orng yang senior dan laki-laki. Senioritas dilihat dari status, kekeluargaan, atau kekayaan. Dan tidak semua golongan dalam etnis Tionghoa mengenai budaya makan bersam.Pola konsumsi pangan harian berupa pangan pokok, kacang-kacang, telur,daging,ikan,sayuran,buah,minyak,kerupuk,teh dan gula pasir. Kata Kunci: Pola konsumsi pangan etnis THE FOOD IDEOLOGY AND FOOD CONSUMPTION PATTERN OF THE TIONGHOA ETHNIC IN SALATIGA (ACASE STUDY ON THE MEMBERS OF THE HOK TEK BIO TEMPLE) The aimsof the study are to know the food ideology and food consumption pattern of the Tinghoa Ethnic in Salatiga by describuing the foodideology of the Tinghoa Ethnic including the preference, food taboos,the relation between food and the health condition of the body, how to cook,serve and distribute the food;and to describe the food consumption pattern by oserving the frewuency of the uses of food stuffs in the life of the Tionghoa Ethnic inSalatiga. TThe focus of the observation is the food ideology and the foodconsumption pattern;food ideology means various attitudes,belief, custom and taboos wihich affect the menu of a group of community, whereas food consumption pattern means the menu including the kinds and the average amount of food stuffs generally consumed by a person everyday in a certain range of time. This observation is a descriptive quaalitative observation designed through a case study and intensive interviews. The subjek is the Tionghoa Ethnic who follow the activities in the temple Hok Tek Bio Salatiga numbered about 150 of families. The subjek consist of 2 informants of food ideology and 60 responderts of a questionaire conceming food frequency. The insrument used is observer and supported by notes for interviews, guidelines for intensive interviews and a questionaire on food frequeeeency. The primary data are food ideology and the food consumtion pattern obtained from interviews and observation, the secondary data are the description of the area and the history of the temple of Hok Tek Bio obtained from the concerning institution. The data processing is done by editing, modeling the filed notes and tabulating. The data analizing is done by processing the unit, categorizing and data interpretation. The result of study are the food ideologies of the members of the Hok Tek Bio temple are among other's; the favourite food are noodle,chicken,pork,soy bean curd, soy sauce,mustrad greens,tea,and "ciu" (a kind of alcohp;ic drink);the taboos for foods include taboos for children, babies ,girls,pregnant women, breast feeding mothers, dinner parties and food processing. The health elements in food are the balance in the food consumed,table manners, the use of tonic, porridge and soup to keep the body fit and health, and the kinds of meal that must or mustn't be consumed by sick people. According to Tionghoa traditions, food is processed using spesific tools and technique; and is based on three elements and five keys of chinese food. The meal are served in bowls, chopsticks,soup spoons and cups. The serving of the meals also pays attention to the ten perfections of chinese food as taught in by Confucius. In distributing the meals, the Tionghoa people give a priority to the senior and the male familymembers. The seniority can be seen from the status,family relation or wealth. Not all groups in the Tionghoa ethnic know the custom of having meals together. The daily food consuption pattern are staple food, bean products, meat, fish, vegetables, fruits,frying oil, chips made from flour,tea and sugar. Keyword : Ethnical food consuption pattern
Item Type: | Thesis (Undergraduate) |
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Subjects: | R Medicine > RA Public aspects of medicine > RA0421 Public health. Hygiene. Preventive Medicine |
Divisions: | Faculty of Public Health > Department of Public Health |
ID Code: | 8329 |
Deposited By: | INVALID USER |
Deposited On: | 08 Apr 2010 14:47 |
Last Modified: | 08 Apr 2010 14:47 |
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