KAJIAN PENGARUH PENGGUNAAN LAHAN TERHADAP KUALITAS AIR DALAM UPAYA PENGENDALIAN PENCEMARAN AIR PADA SUNGAI SIWALUH KABUPATEN KARANGANYAR

Winandar, Henri (2015) KAJIAN PENGARUH PENGGUNAAN LAHAN TERHADAP KUALITAS AIR DALAM UPAYA PENGENDALIAN PENCEMARAN AIR PADA SUNGAI SIWALUH KABUPATEN KARANGANYAR. Masters thesis, Diponegoro Universsity.

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Abstract

Alih fungsi lahan merupakan aktivitas manusia yang berdampak besar pada perubahan kualitas air. Penggunaan lahan untuk industri, pertanian dan pemukiman telah mengubah karakteristik hidrologis air permukaan yang menyebabkan penurunan kualitas air. Pembangunan intensif industri, pertanian dan pemukiman di Kabupaten Karanganyar mengakibatkan penambahan polutan yang mencemari Sungai Siwaluh. Pencemar point source berasal dari IPAL Industri dan Rumah Sakit sedangkan pencemar non-point source berasal dari limbah domestik, pertanian, peternakan, sampah dan industri tanpa IPAL. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui beban pencemaran yang ditimbulkan akibat penggunaan lahan, kondisi kualitas air, pengaruh beban pencemaran terhadap kualitas air dan Daya Tampung Beban Pencemaran sehingga dapat diformulasikan upaya pengendalian pencemaran yang tepat. Batas penelitian menggunakan batas hidrologis yang membagi sub DAS Siwaluh menjadi 6 segmen berdasarkan penggunaan lahan dan sumber pencemar. Parameter kunci kualitas air yaitu TSS, BOD, dan COD. Perhitungan beban pencemar point source menggunakan pendekatan langsung berdasarkan data pemantauan IPAL sedangkan beban non-point source dihitung menggunakan pendekatan faktor emisi dan Sistem Informasi Geografis. Analisis kualitas air menggunakan sample sesaat pada 6 lokasi sample. Metode Indeks Pencemaran digunakan untuk menentukan mutu kualitas air. Daya Tampung Beban Pencemaran dihitung menggunakan model QUAL2Kw. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa beban pencemaran point source terbesar pada segmen 6 sedangkan non-point source terbesar pada segmen 3. Segmen 6 memiliki tingkat kualitas air paling buruk dengan kategori cemar berat. Beban pencemaran point source lebih mempengaruhi tingkat kualitas air dibanding non-point source. Dari semua segmen, Daya Tampung Beban Pencemaran pada segmen 6 terlampaui pada semua parameter sedangkan pada segmen 1 hanya terlampaui pada parameter TSS. Upaya Pengendalian Pencemaran Air diformuliskan berdasarkan beban pencemaran, kualitas air dan daya tampung beban pencemar yang menghasilkan rekomendasi teknis dan non teknis. Land conversion is one of the human activities having major impact on water quality degradation. Land use for industrial, agricultural, and residential has changed the hydrologic characteristics of the surface water causing water pollution. Intensive development of industry, agriculture and settlement in Karanganyar led to the addition of waste that pollute the Siwaluh River. Point source pollution derived from industrial and hospitals waste water while non-point sources pollution came from domestic waste, agricultural and other sources. This study aimed to determine pollution load caused by land use, water quality condition, total maximum daily load value, relationship between pollution load and water quality and water pollution control recommendation. Boundaries of research using hydrological boundaries where Siwaluh Watershed divided into six segments based on land use and pollution source. Key parameters for water quality analysis used are TSS, BOD and COD. Calculation of point sources pollution load using the direct estimation method of monitoring data Wastewater Treatment Plant (WWTP) while non-point sources pollution load using the estimation method based on the emission factors and Geographic Information System. Water quality analysis is using grab sample at 6 point of sample. River pollution index (RPI) method is used to determine water pollution. Total Daily Maximum Load (TMDL) estimated using QUAL2Kw Model. Water Pollution Control Policy determined based on QUAL2Kw Simulation. The results show that the largest point source pollution load is segment 6 while largest non-point sources pollution load is segment 3. Reach 6 has the worst water pollution with heavy polluted category. It’s also known that the burden of non-point sources pollution load does not significantly affect water quality compared to the point source pollution load in the same units. Segment 6 has exceed the TMDL value with large deficit fom all key parameter, surprislly segment 1 also exceed the TMDL Value for TSS parameter. Water Pollution Control based on Pollution Load caused by Land Use, Water Quality Analysis and TMDL value at Siwaluh River has two type recommendation, technical dan non-technical recommendation.

Item Type:Thesis (Masters)
Uncontrolled Keywords:Alih fungsi lahan, point source, non-point source, penggunaan lahan, kondisi kualitas air, beban pencemaran
Subjects:T Technology > TD Environmental technology. Sanitary engineering
Divisions:School of Postgraduate (mixed) > Master Program in Environmental Science
ID Code:82846
Deposited By:INVALID USER
Deposited On:15 Mar 2021 12:53
Last Modified:19 Mar 2021 13:02

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