ARAHAN PENATAAN KAWASAN PERMUKIMAN DI KOTA PALU BERDASARKAN KESESUAIAN LAHAN PERMUKIMAN TERHADAP POTENSI BENCANA DAN KERENTANAN SOSIAL EKONOMI

Abstract

Kota Palu merupakan salah satu kota yang rawan terhadap bencana karena dilalui sesar aktif Palu Koro. Pertumbuhan penduduk di Kota Palu terus mengalami perkembangan sehingga kebutuhan akan lahan permukiman semakin bertambah. Terbatasnya ketersediaan lahan dan peningkatan kebutuhan lahan permukiman mendorong adanya permukiman yang tidak sesuai dengan peruntukannya seperti pada daerah yang rawan bencana. Permukiman yang berada pada kawasan rawan bencana akan meningkatkan risiko bencana yang menyebabkan kerusakan dan korban jiwa yang besar apabila terjadi bencana. Tingginya kerentanan social ekonomi masyarakat di daerah tersebut juga dapat meningkatkan risiko bencana. Tujuan penelitian ini yaitu menentukan arahan penataan kawasan permukiman di Kota Palu berdasarkan kesesuaian lahan permukiman terhadap potensi bencana dan kerentanan social ekonomi. Penelitian ini menggunakan criteria kesesuaian terhadap kawasan lindung dan budidaya, Cekungan Air Tanah (CAT), potensi air tanah, aksesibilitas, ketersediaan fasilitas pendidikan, kesehatan, dan perdagangan, serta Zona Rawan Bencana (ZRB) dan kerentanan social ekonomi. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa kawasan yang sesuai untuk dijadikan permukiman berdasarkan kesesuaian lahan permukiman terhadap bencana adalah seluas 135,78 km2. Evaluasi kawasan permukiman terbangun memberikan hasil sebesar 23,59% dari kawasan permukiman terbangun perlu dilakukan pembatasan permukiman baru hingga direlokasi. Perlu dilakukan revisi terhadap RT RW Kota Palu Tahun 2010-2030 karena berdasarkan hasil evaluasi beberapa area tidak dapat lagi dijadikan kawasan permukiman. Berdasarkan hasil arahan penataan permukiman, kawasan permukiman di Kota Palu diklasifikasikan dalam lima kelas yaitu permukiman (30,48 km2), permukiman terbatas bersyarat (2,39 km2), permukiman terbatas (217,77 km2), permukiman relokasi (40,7 km2), dan pengembangan permukiman (57,34 km2). Kata kunci :permukiman, kesesuaianlahan, bencana, kerentanan sosial ekonomi Palu City is one of the cities that is prone to disaster because it is passed by an active fault PaluKoro. The population in Palu City continues to experience growth so that the need for residential land is increasing. Limited availability of land and increased demand for residential land encourage settlements that are not under their designation as in disaster-prone areas. Settlements located in disaster-prone areas will increase the risk of disasters that cause damage and great loss of life in the event of a disaster. The high socio-economic vulnerability of the people in the area can also increase disaster risk. The purpose of this study is to determine theguidanceofplanning settlement areas in Palu City based on land suitability of settlement for potential disasters and socio-economic vulnerability. This study uses the criteria of conformity to protected and cultivated areas, groundwater basin, groundwater potential, accessibility, availability of educational, health and trade facilities, as well as Disaster Prone Zone (DPZ) and socioeconomic vulnerability. The results of this study indicate that the area suitable for use as settlements based on the suitability of residential land for disasters is an area of 135.78 km2. Evaluation of the built settlement area gives a result of 23.59% of the built settlement area, it is necessary to limit the new settlement until it is relocated. It is necessary to revise the Palu City Spatial Plan for 2010-2030 because based on the evaluation results, some areas can no longer be used as residential areas. Based on the results of the direction of settlement structuring, settlement areas in Palu City are classified into five classes, settlements (30.48km2), conditional limited settlements (2.39 km2), limited settlements (217,77 km2), relocation settlements (40,7km2), and settlement development (57.34 km2). Keywords: settlement, land suitability, disaster, socio-economic vulnerability