SETIANINGSIH, Nanik Indah and Hadiyanto, Hadiyanto and Sudarno, Sudarno (2019) PENGOLAHAN AIR LIMBAH INDUSTRI BATIK DENGAN SISTEM AEROBIK GRANUL SEBAGAI SALAH SATU UPAYA DALAM MENDUKUNG INDUSTRI BERWAWASAN LINGKUNGAN. Masters thesis, School of Postgraduate.
![]()
| PDF 1628Kb | |
![]()
| PDF 36Kb | |
![]()
| PDF 34Kb | |
![]() | PDF Restricted to Repository staff only 87Kb | |
![]() | PDF Restricted to Repository staff only 455Kb | |
![]()
| PDF 20Kb | |
![]() | PDF Restricted to Repository staff only 213Kb |
Abstract
Air limbah industri batik mengandung polutan yang sebagian besar berasal dari sisa pewarna dan lilin/malam sehingga dapat mencemari lingkungan jika tidak diolah terlebih dahulu. Pengolahan air limbah industri batik yang pernah dilakukan baik secara fisika-kimia maupun biologi belum dapat menurunkan polutan secara optimal oleh sebab itu perlu dicoba alternatif teknologi yang lain. Aerobik granul merupakan salah satu sistem pengolahan air limbah secara biologi, dimana selain mengolah polutan dengan beban COD yang tinggi, sistem ini juga mampu mereduksi polutan nutrient dan cemaran toksik air limbah dengan waktu tinggal hidraulik yang pendek. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mendapatkan salah satu alternatif teknologi pengolahan air limbah industri batik dengan sistem aerobik granul yang diharapkan akan lebih efektif, efisien dan ramah lingkungan dibandingkan dengan teknologi yang telah dicoba sebelumnya. Penelitian dilakukan di laboratorium BBTPPI dengan sampel air limbah diambil dari IKM Batik Semarang 16. Uji coba dilakukan dengan menggunakan SBR (sequencing batch reactor) dengan volume 10 L. Aerobik granul berhasil dikembangkan dari sludge IPAL lumpur aktif dengan umpan berupa natrium asetat konsentrasi COD 900-1200 mg/L. Granul terbentuk setelah 14 hari operasi reaktor dengan dua kali siklus per hari, satu siklus dijalankan selama 310 menit terdiri dari feeding (pemasukan umpan) 2,5 menit, kondisi anaerob 90 menit, kondisi aerob 210 menit, pengendapan 5 menit dan withdraw (pengeluaran efluen) 2,5 menit dan exchange ratio 60%. Jumlah granul asetat mencapai 76,74% dengan persentase tertinggi adalah granul dengan ukuran partikel 0,3mm<d<0,7mm sebesar 34,91%. Granul asetat memiliki nilai SVI5 sebesar 89,51 mL/g dan nilai SVI30 sebesar 86,96 mL/g dengan nilai rasio SVI30 terhadap SVI5 adalah 0,97 dan kecepatan pengendapan sebesar 13,8 cm/menit. Efisiensi removal karbon organik selama tahap granulasi dengan konsentrasi COD inlet sebesar 900-1200 mg/L mencapai 94-97%. Peningkatan konsentrasi air limbah industri batik berpengaruh terhadap karakteristik aerobik granul. Jumlah granul pada pengolahan air limbah industri batik konsentrasi 50% mencapai 93% dengan fraksi tertinggi adalah granul dengan ukuran d>2mm. Jumlah granul pada pengolahan air limbah industri batik konsentrasi 100% turun menjadi 65,01% dengan fraksi tertinggi adalah partikel flok dengan ukuran d<0,3mm sebanyak34,99%. Nilai SVI5 pada tahap pengolahan air limbah industri batik mencapai 74,26 mL/g sedangkan nilai SVI30 adalah sebesar 79,21 mL/g. Kecepatan pengendapan granul meningkat seiring dengan peningkatan konsentrasi air limbah batik dan berkurangnya jumlah biomassa dalam reaktor mencapai 18,5 cm/menit. Konsentrasi biomassa dalam reaktor dan efisiensi removal COD menurun seiring dengan peningkatan konsentrasi air limbah industri batik. Rata-rata efisiensi removal COD pada pengolahan air limbah industri batik sebanyak 25%, 50% dan 100% masing-masing adalah 84,35%, 73,80% dan 56,04%. Performa removal polutan BOD5, COD, TSS dan minyak lemak pada pengolahan 50% air limbah industri batik masing-masing adalah sebesar 73,44%, 69,77%, 85,65% dan 83,44%. Performa removal polutan BOD5, COD, TSS dan minyak lemak pada pengolahan 100% air limbah industri batik masing-masing adalah sebesar 63,54%, 54,62%, 77,94% dan 59,68%. Kata kunci : air limbah, industri batik, aerobik granul, berwawasan lingkungan Batik industry wastewater contains pollutants mostly come from the remaining dyes and wax that can pollute the environment if not treated first. Treatment of batik industry wastewater has been carried out both physically-chemically and biologically has not been able to reduce pollutants optimally yet, therefore it is necessary to try other alternative technology. Aerobic granule is a biological wastewater treatment system, which in addition treats pollutants with high COD load, this system is also capable of reducing nutrient pollutants and toxic wastewater contamination with short hydraulic retention times. The aim of this research is to obtain an alternative technology for wastewater treatment of batik industry with aerobic granule system which is expected to become more effective, efficient and environmentally friendly compared to previous technologies. The study was conducted in the BBTPPI laboratory with wastewater sample taken from IKM Batik Semarang 16. The experiment was carried out using SBR (sequencing batch reactor) with volume of 10 L.Aerobic granules were successfully developed from sludge WWTP activated sludge with feed of sodium acetate with COD concentration 900-1200 mg/L. Granules formed after 14 days of reactor operation with two cycles per day, one cycle run for 310 minutes consisting of 2.5 minutes of feeding, 90 minutes of anaerobic condition, 210 minutes of aerobic condition, 5 minutes of settling and 2.5 minutes withdrawing (effluent removal) and exchange ratio of 60%. The number of acetate granules reaches 76.74% with the highest percentage is granule with particle size of 0.3mm<d<0.7mm of 34.91%.Acetate granule has SVI5 value of 89.51 mL/g and SVI30 value of 86.96 mL/g with SVI30 to SVI5 ratio of 0.97 and settling velocity of 13.8 cm/min. Efficiency of removing organic carbon during granulation stage with inlet COD concentration of 900-1200 mg/L reaches 94-97%. Increasing concentration of batik industry wastewater affects the characteristics of aerobic granules. The number of granules in the batik industry wastewater treatment with concentration of 50% reaches 93% with the highest fraction is granule with size>d>2mm. The number of granules in batik industry wastewater treatment 100% concentration dropped to 65.01% with the highest fraction is floc particles with size of d<0.3mm as much as 34.99%. SVI5 value at batik industry wastewater treatment stage reaches 74.26 mL/g while SVI30 value is 79.21 mL/g. Settling velocity of granules increases with the increase of concentration of batik wastewater and the reducing amount of biomass in the reactor reaches 18.5 cm/minute. Concentration of biomass in the reactor and COD removal efficiency decreases with increasing concentration of batik industry wastewater. The average COD removal efficiency in batik industry wastewater treatment 25%, 50% and 100% respectively are 84.35%, 73.80% and 56.04%. The performance of BOD5, COD, TSS and oil&grease pollutant removal in the 50% treatment of batik industry wastewater are 73.44%, 69.77%, 85.65% and 83.44%, respectively. The performance of BOD5, COD, TSS and oil&greasepollutant removal in the 100% of batik industry wastewater treatment are 63.54%, 54.62%, 77.94% and 59.68%, respectively. Keywords : wastewater, batik industry, aerobic granule, environmentally friendly
Item Type: | Thesis (Masters) |
---|---|
Uncontrolled Keywords: | air limbah, industri batik, aerobik granul, berwawasan lingkungan |
Subjects: | T Technology > TD Environmental technology. Sanitary engineering |
Divisions: | School of Postgraduate > Master Program in Environmental Science |
ID Code: | 82150 |
Deposited By: | INVALID USER |
Deposited On: | 28 Dec 2020 15:23 |
Last Modified: | 28 Dec 2020 15:23 |
Repository Staff Only: item control page