KAJIAN PEMANFAATAN APBDes DALAM PEMBANGUNAN INFRASTRUKTUR PERDESAAN DI KOTA WATES

Abstract

Regional development which tends to be consentric causes urban gap, the rural area which is underdeveloped brings about inter region gap. In the other hand, there is a paradigm shifting from centralistic development paradigm (top-down) to bottom-up that is signed decentralization implementation. The district (kabupaten/kota) have full authority to manage infrastructure development process including planning, funding, realization, and managing the effort to improve public service and rural community improvement. The phenomenon of rural infrastructure development in Kulon Progo district before decentralization is the direct development handled by government, so that the society involvement in the process is small. Post project, the usage and maintenance of rural infrastructure is given to rural district. Thus, the responsibility of the rural district/community is needed. This rural infrastructure has been damaged because of less maintenance so that the infrastructure function is not optimal yet. Therefore, infrastructure have vital function to rural development because the access to infrastructure can influence the social prosperity. Authorization of rural district to manage governance and rural development, including authority to rural infrastructure development such us rural roads, water and irrigation. The authority of rural district is implemented to APBDes and the giving of DAD. So, it gives an opportunity to increase infrastructure development, that aims to solve the rural problems. Before the application of DAD from 2004-2006, the rural district get funding from Kulon Progo District Government, the amount of DBD is so little. Since 2007, DAD have arised so high up. The application of APBDes is in the rural infrastructure developed in Wates including the planning based on social need which has two models, first musyawarah dusun and second is by BPD that represents society which is directly involved in planning APBDes. Realization of APBDes in rural infrastructure development has three models, first, infrastructure developed by rural district, second, developed in the RT area under dukuh coordination and third, tertier irrigation infrastructure by P3A. Alocation of budget to infrastructure development in APBDes since 2007-2009 shows average 16% of DAD. The application of DAD shows that the increase is small compared to the arise of DAD which is so high. Before and after applicatin of DAD, infrastructure development show the same raising. Therefore, the raising of DAD in APBDes does not directly influence the raising of rural infrastructure development because of the little proportion and its aid (stimulant) to social self-supporting. The development of rural infrastructure in Wates is influenced by rural improvement program which is funded by central government, province government and district government, APBDes and social self-supporting fund. APBDes support 5% of needed rural infrastructure development in Wates. It is recommended to raise rural infrastructure development that effort to improvement community and raise the fund alocation to rural district that follows to improve regulation, mechanism, procedure and realization of APBDes, which supports the realization of rural infrastructure development. It is needed to raise the human capacity of rural district that will support development and improvement to the community function. It is needed to raise and enlarge the social involvement which increase rural infrastructure development. Keywords: APBDes, DAD, and rural infrastructure.