STRATEGI USAHA TERNAK SAPI PERAH DI DESA UMBULHARJO MENGHADAPI PERUBAHAN IKLIM

Abstract

Perubahan iklim dan lingkungan dapat mempengaruhi kualitas susu sapi perah. Mayoritas peternak di Desa Umbulharjo, Kecamatan Cangkringan, Kabupaten Sleman menjadikan sapi perah sebagai mata pencaharian utama. Penelitian ini bersudut pandang ilmu lingkungan bertujuan menganalisis faktor-faktor abiotik lingkungan antara lain variabel iklim, kerapatan vegetasi, dan suhu permukaan tanah. Faktor biotik yaitu sapi perah diteliti kualitas susunya, dan ditambahkan faktor sosial berupa persepsi, adaptasi, dan upaya mitigasi gas methan peternak sapi perah di Desa Umbulharjo. Hasil analisis faktor abiotik, biotik, dan sosial kemudian dijadikan dasar untuk merumuskan strategi adaptasi dan mitigasi peternakan sapi perah di Desa tersebut.Penelitian ini menemukan adanya perubahan beberapa variabel iklim, kualitas susu, kerapatan vegetasi, dan suhu permukaan lahan. Hasil regresi menyimpulkan kelembaban pagi berpengaruh nyata (P<0,05) terhadap penurunan kadar lemak susu sapi perah di Desa Umbulharjo. Rumusan strategi adaptasi dan mitigasi dengan meningkatkan pengetahuan peternak tentang ancaman perubahan iklim, modifikasi kandang adaptif, pembuatan pakan lengkap secara mandiri, pengembangan pariwisata peternakan dan penguatan mitigasi gas methan Kata kunci : perubahan iklim, strategi adaptasi dan mitigasi, kualitas susu sapi perah Climate and environmental changes can affect the quality of milk for dairy cows. The majority of farmers in Umbulharjo Village, Cangkringan Subdistrict, Sleman Regency make dairy cows the main livelihood. This research is based on environmental science aimed at analyzing environmental abiotic factors including climate variables, vegetation density, and soil surface temperature. Biotic factors, namely dairy cows, were examined for their milk quality, and added social factors in the form of perceptions, adaptations, and mitigation efforts for methane gas in dairy farmers in Umbulharjo Village. The results of the analysis of abiotic, biotic, and social factors were then used as the basis for formulating dairy farming adaptation and mitigation strategies in the Village. This study found changes in several climate variables, milk quality, vegetation density, and land surface temperature. The regression results concluded that morning humidity had a significant effect (P <0.05) on the decrease in fat content of dairy milk in Umbulharjo Village. Formulation of adaptation and mitigation strategies by increasing farmers' knowledge about the threat of climate change, modifying adaptive cages, making complete feed independently, developing livestock tourism and improving mitigation of methane gas. Keywords: climate change, adaptation and mitigation strategies, quality of milk for dairy cow