STRATEGI PENGELOLAAN DAN PENGEMBANGAN EKOWISATA DI WANA WISATA GOA KISKENDO BKPH BOJA KPH KENDAL PROVINSI JAWA TENGAH

Abstract

Perkembangan wisata di kawasan Wana Wisata Goa Kiskendo (WWGK) saat ini menunjukkan kemajuan yang cukup pesat ditandai dengan peningkatan jumlah wisatawan yang datang. Peningkatan jumlah wisatawan dikhawatirkan melebihi daya dukung yang dapat berpengaruh terhadap kondisi fisik lingkungan, kepuasan pengunjung, persepsi sosial serta perekonomian masyarakat, pengelolaan dan pengembangan obyek Wana Wisata Goa Kiskendo. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kondisi lingkungan kawasan, daya dukung lingkungan dan menyusun strategi pengelolaan dan pengembangan ekowisata kedepannya. Metode yang digunakan dalam menganalisis kondisi daya dukung fisik adalah dengan rumus Cifuentes (1992) sedangkan daya dukung sosial-psikologis dan ekonomi menggunakan analisis deskriptif, dan penyusunan strategi menggunakan analisis SWOT. Penelitian ini menggunakan sampel pengunjung sebanyak 90 responden dan sampel masyarakat sebanyak 30 responden dengan teknik pengumpulan data melalui observasi/survey, wawancara, kuisioner dan studi literatur. Hasil perhitungan menunjukkan bahwa rata-rata jumlah wisatawan yang datang ke Wana Wisata Goa Kiskendo masih berada di bawah daya dukung efektif (Effective Carrying Capacity) sebesar 55 pengunjung/hari. Daya dukung psikologis-sosial pengunjung berdasarkan persepsi tingkat kepuasan pengunjung pada penggunaan seluruh fasilitas mencapai 65,21% dan kepuasan akvitas wisata mencapai 73,40% artinya masih memenuhi daya dukung psikologis pengunjung dengan kategori “Puas”. Tingkat penerimaan sosial masyarakat rata-rata adalah 57,53 dengan kategori “Menerima”. Keberadaan Wana Wisata Goa Kiskendo memberikan manfaat ekonomi namun masih terbatas pada masyarakat yang terlibat sebagai pelaku usaha dan masih minimnya keterlibatan masyarakat setempat dalam pengelolaan obyek wisata tersebut. Berdasarkan hasil analisis SWOT diperoleh 3 (tiga) strategi pengelolaan prioritas diantaranya adalah Kerjasama multi pihak (masyarakat, Perusahaan dan pemerintah) dalam pengelolaan wana wisata; Diversifikasi atraksi wana wisata, penataan lokasi dan pengembangan fasilitas wana wisata. Kata kunci: strategi pengelolaan, ekowisata, daya dukung, Wana Wisata Goa Kiskendo The substantial progress of tourism development in the Goa Kiskendo Forest Tourism is marked by increasing number of tourists coming. An increasing number of tourists will exceed the carrying capacity that can affect the condition of the physical environment, the social perception of the satisfaction of visitors, as well as related community tourism economy activities in Goa Kiskendo Forest Turism. The strategy of managing natural objects of Goa Kiskendo Forest Tourism needs to adjust existing conditions related to tourism environmental carrying capacity to create the sustainable development of tourism. This research aims to determine the environtal condition of the area, the carrying capacity of the environment, and the strategy of sustainable environmental management in ecotourism in Goa Kiskendo Forest Tourism area. The methods to analyze physical carrying capacity used the formula Cifuentes (1992) while the social-psychological and economic carrying capacity used descriptive analysis, and determination of strategies used SWOT analysis. This research used a sample of visitors as much as 90 respondents and community samples as much as 30 respondents. Data were collected through observation/survey, interview, questionnaire and study of literature. The result and obtained that the average number of tourists coming to Goa Kiskendo Forest Tourism was still under Effective Carrying Capacity which amounted to 54 visitors/day. Social-psychological support resources visitors according to visitor satisfaction level of perception on the use of the entire facility reached 65,21% and tourism activity satisfaction was 73,40% that still met visitor psychological carrying capacity in “satisfied”category. While the level of social acceptance the Community average was 57,53 percent with category “received”. The existence of Goa Kiskendo Forest Tourism gave economic benefit but was still limited to the communities involved as perpetrators of the attempt and still lack the involvement of local communities in the management of Goa Kiskendo Forest Tourism. Based on the results of the SWOT analysis, 3 (three) management strategies were included Multi-stakeholder collaboration (community, company and government) in managing forest tourism; Diversification of tourism attractions, location arrangement, facilities development of forest tourism. Keywords: strategy of management, ecotourism, carrying capacity, Goa Kiskendo Forest Tourism