ANALISIS PENGARUH GLOBALISASI EKONOMI, GLOBALISASI SOSIAL DAN GLOBALISASI POLITIK TERHADAP TINGKAT PENGANGGURAN DI ASEAN TAHUN 2000-2015

Abstract

Globalization can be measured with KOF globalisation index, it can be seen from three important aspects, globalization from an economic, social and political perspective. Globalization at the present time is growing and continues to be carried out by various countries in the world. The reflection of globalization is the establishment of the Association of South East Asia Nations (ASEAN) as one of the highly-integrated regional organization. The openness of one country's economy will creates mutually beneficial relations between each countries, then it will open trade transactions such as expanding exports and imports. The trend shows that ASEAN countries have increased globalization rates despite a relatively uneven and high number of unemployment in ASEAN. This study aims to determine the effect of the level of globalization in economic, social and political aspects on unemployment. This study uses panel data in nine ASEAN countries (Indonesia, Malaysia, Thailand, Philippines, Vietnam, Cambodia, Myanmar, Laos and Singapore) in the period 2000-2015. The method used is panel data regression with Fixed Effect Model (FEM). The result shows the level of social and political globalization has an effect on reducing unemployment, while economic globalization has an effect on increasing unemployment in nine ASEAN countries. Other explanatory variables such as GDP Growth have a negative and insignificant effect on unemployment, the inflation and population growth variable have a negative effect on unemployment in nine ASEAN countries.