ANALISIS DETERMINAN INTENSITAS ENERGI DI NEGARA – NEGARA ASEAN (2001-2014)

Abstract

ASEAN is a region with a high level of economic growth. However, the ASEAN region is also faced with several important issues in the energy sector such as high energy consumption growth, fossil energy dependency, and fluctuations in energy prices. Energy efficiency is viewed as the proper way to enhance energy security. The concept of energy intensity (ratio of energy consumption per GDP) is used to describe the level of energy efficiency. The objective of the research was to analyze the factors that influence energy intensity in the ASEAN region. This study used secondary data in nine countries in Southeast Asia in 2001-2014. This study used analysis with Arellano Bond Generalized Method of Moments (GMM) panel data to analyze the factors that affect energy intensity. The results of the study found that the variable of GDP per capita and energy prices have a significant negative effect on energy intensity. The variable of energy consumption per capita has positive significant effect on energy intensity. The variable of trade openness, and foreign direct investment have no significant effect on energy intensity.