Peran Dokter dalam Pencegahan dan Penanggulangan Medication Error di Rumah Sakit ( Studi di RSI NU Kabupaten Demak )

Abstract

Universitas Diponegoro Fakultas Kesehatan Masyarakat Program Studi Magister IlmuKesehatanMasyarakat Konsentrasi Administrasi Rumah Sakit 2018 ABSTRAK Abdul Aziz Peran Dokter dalam Pencegahan dan Penanggulangan Medication Error di Rumah Sakit ( Studi di RSI NU Kabupaten Demak ) xviii + 181 halaman + 19 tabel + 9 gambar + 12 lampiran Pencegahan dan penanggulangan medication errorperlu dilakukan untuk menurunkan insiden terutama KTD dan mengoreksi sistem dalam rangka meningkatkan keselamatan pasien. Di RSI NU Demak pada 5 tahun terakhir 2012-2016 masih ditemukan medication error. Oleh karena itu perlu dilakukan penelitian peran dokter dalam pencegahan dan penanggulangan medication error di RSI NU Demak. Desain penelitian ini bersifat deskriptif analitik dengan pendekatan kualitatif.Subjek penelitian secara purposive sebagai informan utama 5 dokter yang memberikan pelayanan di RSI NU Demak, informan triangulasi 2 apoteker, 2 perawat dan 2 keluarga pasien.Data dikumpulkan dengan teknik wawancara mendalam, focus group discussion dan observasi.Pengolahan dan analisis data menggunakan analisis isi. Hasil survei dari 100 lembar resep didapatkan hasil: penulisan resep yang sulit terbaca ada 14 lembar resep (14%), dosis kurang tepat ada 75 lembar resep (75%), polifarmasi ada 55 lembar resep (55%) , interaksi minor ada 28 lembar resep (28%), dan interaksi mayor ada 1 lembar resep (1%). Hal tersebut dilatarbelakangi oleh :1) Predisposing factor dari aspek pengetahuan terutama interaksi obat masih ada dokter yang kurang memahaminya,aspek beban kerja era BPJS pasiennya semakin banyak tenaga terbatas; 2) Enabling factor; komitmen dan ketrampilan dalam pencegahan dan penanggulangan medication error masih kurang 3) Reinforcing factor dari aspek managemen RS perencanaan program belum dilakukan sesuai pedoman. Disarankan untuk advokasi dan sosialisasi kepada pengambil kebijakan diikuti deklarasi komitmen bersama dari pihak managemen, dokter, apoteker, perawat untuk mensukseskan program patient safety. Kata kunci : Peran Dokter, Medication Error, Polifarmasi dan Patient Safety. Kepustakaan : 55 (1999-2016) Diponegoro University Faculty of Public Health Master’s Study Program in Public Health Majoring in Hospital Administration 2018 ABSTRACT Abdul Aziz A Role of a Physician in Preventing and Intervening a Medication Error at a Hospital (A Study at NU Islam Hospital in Demak Regency) xviii + 181 pages + 19 tables + 9 figures + 12 appendices Prevention and intervention of a medication error need to be conducted for reducing an incidence rate particularly unexpected events and for correcting a system to increase patient’s safety. At NU Islam Hospital in the last five years (2012 – 2016), there was found the medication error. Therefore, there needs to investigate a role of a physician in preventing and intervening the medication error at the NU Islam Hospital. This was a descriptive analytic study using a qualitative approach. Research subjects were selected purposively. Main informants consisted of five physicians who provided services at the NU Islam Hospital. Informants for triangulation purpose consisted of two pharmacists, two nurses, and two patients’ families. Data were collected using a technique of indepth interview, Focus Group Discussion, and observation. Furthermore, data were analysed using a method of content analysis. The results of conducting a survey to 100 sheets of prescriptions showed that number of prescriptions that were difficult to read was 14 sheets (14%), amount of inappropriate dose was 75 sheets (75%), polypharmacy was 55 sheets (55%), minor interaction was 28 sheets (28%), in major interaction was one sheet (1%). These problems were due to: 1) Predisposing factor viewed from the aspect of knowledge, some physicians did not understand interaction of medicine. Regarding the aspect of work burden in the era of BPJS, and number of patients tended to increase but number of health officers were insufficient; 2) Enabling factor, there were lack of commitments and skills in preventing and intervening the medication error; 3) Reinforcing factor viewed from the aspect of hospital management, planning of a program had not referred to a guideline. There needs to advocate and socialise to policy makers followed by declaration of commitment together with managerial unit, physician, pharmacist, and nurse to succeed the program of patient’s safety. Keywords : a Role Of Physician, Medication Error, Polypharmacy, And Patient’s Safety Bibliography: 55 (1999-2016)