KONTRA-NARASI TERORISME DAN KEKERASAN AGAMA DI INDONESIA

Abstract

Some policies carried out to fight terrorism in Indonesia are still considered to lack a good strategy, and even exacerbate the government's image in combating terrorism in the community. Some developed countries such as America, the Netherlands and Britain fight terrorism by focusing on counternarrative terrorism and involving the public. In Indonesia, organizations such as Nahdlatul Ulama (NU) and Muhammadiyah have created narratives to fight propaganda and combat messages of terrorism in Indonesia by involving a number of different civil society and religious organizations. The purpose of this study was to describe the narrative text owned by the local community to prevent and fight the narrative of terrorism or violence, and describe the activities carried out by the local community to support the existing narrative text. According to Betz and Archetti in the prevention of terrorism, the narration is not enough just text, but narrative alignment is needed, namely the parallels between texts / rhetoric and activities. The theory used in this research is Fisher's Narrative Theory, which is a theory that explains the decision of a human to believe a narrative or story and act on trust in the story. According to Fisher, humans believe a narrative is heard by the rationality of a narrative based on the consistency and truth of a story. The site in this study there are three locations, which in the research data owned by BNPT is a vulnerable location for the distribution of terrorism and religious violence narratives, namely, Campus Dakwah Institute, Islamic Boarding Schools, and Islamic Study Groups. This study uses the Discourse Analysis method, so it not only looks at the text, but also takes into account the context (things that are outside the text). At the text analysis stage, the narrative is analyzed using the identity of the Perferer identity that communication researchers use to map terror narratives and anti-terror narratives. In the context analysis phase, the results of interviews and observations in the local community were analyzed with the concept of Communication Performance to find out the organizational culture and routine activities in the local community in this study. The results of this study indicate that narrative texts intended to counter terrorism and violence narratives in each local community have different characteristics, in accordance with the focus of the problem and organizational culture of the three research locations, as well as activities carried out to support the narrative owned, each organization has activities that are their respective priorities. After discourse analysis and discussion of Fisher's Narrative Theory, it was known that the narratives possessed the dominant Islamic boarding school had coherence, which focused on preventing takfiri ideology that was believed to be the cause of the emergence of violent notions in the name of religion (terrorism), so that the activities carried out were to form a narrative that fight takfiri narratives, prevent the entry of takfiri ideology, and so on. The narration of the Campus Da'wah Institute is a focus on the character building of students into generations who care about humanity, after doing text analysis and discussion of theory, the dominant has coherence in the aspects of goals, ways of seeing x audiences, things expected and also the characters used in the narrative. Therefore, the activities carried out were also dominated for student character formation. Meanwhile, the narrative in the Islamic Study Group, after analyzing the text and discussing the theory, focuses on forming awareness of differences in Islam and differences in religious beliefs in the community. Thus, the activities carried out to support the narrative are to build relationships with other Islamic organizations, not only to discuss one school in studies, and to establish an operational standard for monitoring material and presenters in the study. Keywords: Terrorism Prevention; Narrative; Counter-Narrative