SURYADI, Yadi and Sugianto, Denny Nugroho (2018) STRATEGI MITIGASI DAN ADAPTASI PERUBAHAN IKLIM DI KOTA SEMARANG. Masters thesis, School of Postgraduate.
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Abstract
Pemanasan global telah terjadi dan memicu perubahan iklim global yang menyebakan berbagai permasalahan, diantaranya kekeringan, banjir, rob akibat gelombang badai, kenaikan paras muka air laut, angin kencang, longsor dan ganguan kesehatan (IPCC, 2014). Indonesia sebagai negara kepulauan tidak terlepas dari ancaman perubahan iklim tersebut, terutama di daerah-daerah yang rentan. Salah satu daerah yang rentan di Indonesia yaitu perkotaan, dimana 49 % lebih penduduk Indonesia tinggal diperkotaan, menyebabkan kota sesak, macet, tidak teratur, menimbulkan permasalahan sampah, sanitasi dan lain-lain. Kondisi tersebut diperparah dengan banyaknya kota di Indonesia merupakan dataran rendah dan merupakan kota pesisir, selain banjir ancaman juga datang dari lautan, seperti abrasi, rob, gelombang badai, intrusi air laut, termasuk diantaranya kota Semarang. Untuk itu diperlukan upaya pengelolaan lingkungan guna tercapainya tujuan pembangunan berkelanjutan, dalam konteks perubahan iklim maka pengelolaan lingkungan dibingkai dalam kerangka perpaduan mitigasi dan adaptasi perubahan iklim. Oleh sebab itu informasi iklim dan perubahannya menjadi sangat diperlukan guna memprediksi kondisi iklim dimasa depan, dan dijadikan sebagai salah satu landasan dalam rencana pembangunan jangka menengah dan panjang. Dengan menggunakan uji statisitik analisis terhadap temperatur, curah hujan dan lama penyinaran telah teridentifikasi adanya perubahan temperatur dan distribusi curah hujan berdasarkan data observasi 1970-2017. Begitu juga hasil analisis iklim proyeksi (temperatur dan curah hujan) menunjukan adanya tren yang terus berlanjut. Selain informasi iklim upaya adaptasi dan mitigasi perubahan iklim memerlukan good governance, yaitu perpaduan organisasi dan kebijakan yang mendukung, serta adanya kepedulian dari semua stakeholder termasuk masyarakat didalamnya, sehingga tercipta kota yang berketahanan iklim dengan mengkolaborasikan adaptasi dan mitigasi perubahan iklim oleh semua stakeholder. Hasil wawancara dan analisis dokumen menunjukan bahwa kota Semarang telah memiliki kebijakan, kelembagaan dan implementasi program terkait mitigasi dan adaptasi perubahan iklim. Disisi lain masyarakat telah mengetahui fenomena terkait iklim, dan telah melakukan aksi-aksi mitigasi dan adaptasi, meskipun umumnya faktor ekonomi dan perlindungan lingkungan yang menjadi motivasi utama. Berdasar bukti ancaman perubahan iklim, telah disusun strategi untuk meningkatkan tata kepemerintahan yang baik dalam mengelola perubahan iklim. Strategi disusun berdasarkan Kekuatan, Kelemahan, Peluang dan Ancaman (SWOT) tata kepemerintahan Kota Semarang yang mempengaruhi implementasi mitigasi dan adaptasi perubahan iklim di kota Semarang. Hasil analisis SWOT diperoleh strategi menanggulangi ancaman (S-T) sebagai prioritas utama. Kata Kunci : Kota Semarang, Analisis Perubahan Iklim, Persepsi Masyarakat, Ancaman, Strategi Global warming has occurred and triggered global climate change that has caused various disasters, including drought, flood, rob due to storm surges, sea level rise, high winds, landslides and health problems (IPCC, 2014). Indonesia as an archipelagic country is inseparable from the threat of climate change, especially in vulnerable areas. One of the most vulnerable areas in Indonesia is urban areas, where 49% of Indonesia's population lives in urban areas, causing urban congestion, traffic jams, irregularities, waste problems, sanitation and so on. The condition is exacerbated by the number of cities in Indonesia is a lowland and a coastal city, in addition to flood threats also come from the oceans, such as abrasion, rob, storm surge, sea water intrusion, including the city of Semarang. Therefore, environmental management efforts are needed to achieve sustainable development objectives, in the context of climate change, environmental management is framed within the framework of integration of climate change mitigation and adaptation. Therefore, climate information and its changes become indispensable to predict future climate conditions, and to be one of the reference of medium and long term development plans. Using statistic analysis of temperature, precipitation and irradiation has identified a change of temperature and rainfall distribution based on observation data from 1970-2017. So also the results of projection climate analysis (temperature and rainfall) indicate a trend that continues. In addition to Climate Climate, climate change adaptation and mitigation efforts require good governance, a combination of supportive organizations and policies, as well as the awareness of all stakeholders including communities within it, creating a climate-friendly city by collaborating on climate change adaptation and mitigation by all stakeholders. The results of interviews and document analysis show that the city of Semarang already has policies, institutions and implementation of programs related to climate change mitigation and adaptation. On the other hand the community has known climate-related phenomena, and has carried out mitigation and adaptation actions, although generally economic factors and environmental protection are the main motivations. Based on evidence of the threat of climate change, strategies have been developed to improve good governance in managing climate change. The strategy is prepared based on the Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities and Threats (SWOT) of the City of Semarang governance which influences the implementation of climate change mitigation and adaptation in the city of Semarang. The results of the SWOT analysis obtained strategies for overcoming threats (S-T) as a top priority
Item Type: | Thesis (Masters) |
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Subjects: | T Technology > TD Environmental technology. Sanitary engineering |
Divisions: | School of Postgraduate > Master Program in Environmental Science |
ID Code: | 66076 |
Deposited By: | INVALID USER |
Deposited On: | 23 Oct 2018 10:41 |
Last Modified: | 23 Oct 2018 10:41 |
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