Skrining Aktivitas Antibakteri Dan Identifikasi Sponge Dari Teluk Kupang

Abstract

Recently, many research proved that bacteria Escherichia coli and Staphylococus aureus have resistant to antibiotics, called Multi Drug Resistance (MDR). The bacteria cause various diseases both in humans and animals. Exploration and development of new antibiotics is needed, one which is derived from a sea sponge. This research aims to determine the potential of antibacterial sponge extracts from the waters of Kupang, East Nusa Tenggara against E. coli and S. aureus MDR, as well as being able to identify the sponge. Maceration method was employed on extraction of the sponges, then the extract were tested against E. coli and S. aureus. The extracts content of sponge varied from 0.4% to 5,19%. Anti bacterial test showed that the sponge K14-52 has the highest inhibition zone of 10,43 ± 0,26 mm and 9,38 ± 0,57 mm and against the E. coli and S. Aureus, respectively, at a concentration of 500 ug/disk. Based on macroscopic and microscopic anayses, the K14-52 sponge is identified as Rhabdastrella globostellata. a Demospongia sponge. The sponge has special characteristic i.e. globular shape with large oscula on the top of the sponge and ostia along the surface. The sponge also characterized with makrosclera monoaxon spikule (hastate oxea, centrotylote oxea, oxea fusiform gyrus) and mikrosclera tertaxon oxyaster spikule.