STRATEGI PENGEMBANGAN POTENSI WISATA ALAM ZONA PEMANFAATAN TUK SEMUNCAR TAMAN NASIONAL GUNUNG MERBABU

Abstract

Kawasan Zona Pemanfaatan Tuk Semuncar Taman Nasional Gunung Merbabu memiliki potensi wisata alam. Pengembangan potensi wisata alam dapat menselaraskan kepentingan ekologi kawasan dan ekonomi masyarakat sekitar. Potensi wisata alam yang belum dinilai kelayakan pengembangan dan terdapat potensi konflik kepentingan dikhawatirkan dapat merugikan pengelolaan kawasan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menilai potensi penawaran – permintaan wisata alam dan kelayakan pengembangan, melakukan analisis stakeholder, dan merumuskan strategi pengembangan potensi wisata alam. Penelitian ini termasuk jenis penelitian deskriptif dengan pendekatan kualitatif dan kuantitatif. Metode yang digunakan adalah analisis vegetasi, Analisis Daerah Operasi Obyek Daya Tarik Wisata Alam (ADO-ODTWA), analisis stakeholder, dan analisis SWOT. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa potensi penawaran berupa keanaekaragaman flora - fauna dengan kualitas daya tarik yang rendah hingga sedang, keindahan lanskap dengan kualitas daya tarik yang tinggi, dan daya tarik sosial - budaya masyarakat sekitar. Persepsi masyarakat cukup baik terhadap rencana pengembangan potensi wisata alam. Karakteristik permintaan didominasi oleh pelajar/mahasiswa dengan motivasi ingin berekreasi dan berpetualang untuk menikmati keindahan alam dan suasana alami. Potensi wisata alam kawasan layak dikembangkan dengan indeks kelayakan sebesar 69,81%. Secara umum, kualitas hubungan kerja sama antara stakeholder dalam kondisi relatif lemah. Alternatif strategi dalam upaya pengembangan potensi wisata alam, yaitu (1) menciptakan pariwisata berbasis masyarakat; (2) pengembangan atraksi sesuai potensi ODTWA dan promosi wisata alam; (3) mediasi konflik stakeholder; (4) pembentukan forum multi-stakeholder untuk meningkatkan kolaborasi pengelolaan sumberdaya alam; (5) pembangunan sarana dan prasarana wisata alam; (6) eksplorasi keanekaragaman hayati dan penyusunan desain tapak wisata alam; dan (7) meningkatkan kepedulian lingkungan bagi masyarakat dan pengunjung. Kata kunci : strategi, zona pemanfaatan, penawaran – permintaan wisata alam, stakeholder. Tuk Semuncar Utilization Zone Area of Gunung Merbabu National Park has the potential of natural tourism. The development of natural tourism potential can align between the ecological interests of the region and the economic interests of surrounding communities. The potential of natural tourism has not been assessed the feasibility of development and there are potential conflicts of interest feared could be disadvantageous to the management of the area. The objectives of this study were to assess the potential of supply-demand for natural tourism and development feasibility, to analyze stakeholders, and to formulate strategies for developing natural tourism potentials. This research is a descriptive research with qualitative and quantitative approach. The methods used were vegetation analysis, operations area analysis of natural attraction object (ADO-ODTWA), stakeholder analysis, and SWOT analysis. Result show is that the supply potential is the diversity of flora - fauna with the quality of attractiveness ranging from low to medium, landscapes with high attraction quality, and the social - cultural attraction of the surrounding community. Public perception is relatively good towards the development plan of natural tourism potential. Characteristic of demand is dominated by students with motivation to recreation and adventure to enjoy nature beauty and natural atmosphere. The potential of natural tourism is feasible to be developed with a feasibility index of 69.81%. Generally, the quality of cooperative relationships among stakeholders is relatively weak. Alternative strategy in the effort of developing the potential of natural tourism : (1) creating community based tourism, (2) the development of attractions as potential and the promotion of natural tourism, (3) stakeholders conflict mediation, (4) establishing multi-stakeholder forums to improve collaboration on natural resource management, (5) development of natural tourism facilities, (6) exploration of biodiversity and designing natural tourism sites, and (7) to improve environmental awareness for the community and visitors. Keywords: strategy, utilization zone, supply - demand of natural tourism, stakeholder.