WIBOWO, Agus Harto and Hadi, Sudharto P and Purnaweni, Hartuti (2018) MODEL KEBIJAKAN PERTAMBANGAN BERKELANJUTAN DI KECAMATAN BANTARBOLANG KABUPATEN PEMALANG. PhD thesis, School of Postgraduate.
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Abstract
Banyak Pemerintah Daerah meningkatkan pendapatannya melalui usaha pertambangan di Indonesia, antara lain di Kecamatan Bantarbolang Kabupaten Pemalang yang mengijinkan 42 lokasi kegiatan pertambangan. Kegiatan ini memberikan kontribusi pendapatan daerah namum juga membawa berbagai masalah lingkungan konflik di masyarakat, tidak dilibatkan masyarakat sekitar secara langsung dalam kajian lingkungan, belum ada aktifitas kegiatan reklamasi, dan kerusakan lingkungan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji proses penyusunan Rencana Tata Ruang Wilayah pertambangan, kajian lingkungan, implementasi SPPL dan UKL-UPL, dampak lingkungan fisik dan sosial kegiatan pertambangan, dan model kebijakan pertambangan di Kecamatan Bantarbolang Kabupaten Pemalang. Desain Penelitian menggunakan pendekatan mix method yakni studi kualitatif sebagai pendekatan utama, sedangkan pendekatan kuantitaf sebagai pendukung. Teknik pengumpulan data utama dengan wawancara mendalam (in-depht interview), observasi, dan studi pustaka sedangkan pendekatan kuantitatif dengan mengunakan kuisener sebanyak 200 responden sebagai pendukung. Kecamatan Bantarbolang merupakan kecamatan yang paling banyak mempunyai kegiatan pertambangan di 10 Desa (Banjarsari, Bantarbolang, Glandang, Karanganyar, Lenggerong, Pedagung, Pegiringan, Purana, Sambeng dan Sumurkidang). Jenis tambangnya meliputi pasir, batuan, dan tanah urug. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa penyusunan tata ruang pertambangan tidak mempertimbangkan potensi geologi, kajian daya dukung daya tampung lingkungan, dan peran serta masyarakat. Kajian Lingkungan Hidup Strategis (KLHS) dilakukan untuk memenuhi kelengkapan administrasi penyusunan Rencana tata ruang dan wilayah pertambangan. Kajian lingkungan pertambangan yang dilakukan kurang komprehensif dalam mengkaji dampak negatif yang sifatnya permanen. Pemegang izin tidak melakukan kaidah pertambangan yang baik dan tidak melaksanakan pengelolaan lingkungan sesuai dokumen lingkungan. Dampak kegiatan pertambangan meliputi dampak fisik berupa perubahan bentang alam, kerusakan sarana umum, pencemaran tanah, udara, suara, dan air. Dampak sosial berupa perubahan mata pencaharian, ketidaknyamanan warga karena bisingnya suara truck yang hilir mudik, rumah yang berdebu, perbaikan jalan, masjid, dan madrasah. Model kebijakan pertambangan berkelanjutan diperlukan dalam hal ini model perencanaan tata ruang wilayah pertambangan yang mendasarkan pada pertimbangan kajian geologi, Kajian Lingkungan Hidup Strategis, serta peran pasif dan aktif masyarakat. Model kajian lingkungan yang mempertimbangkan persetujuan masyarakat dalam pengambilan keputusannya, serta kajian lingkungan berisi kajian yang berdampak sedang sifatnya sementara serta dampak permanen yang perlu kajian komprehensif. Model Implementasi SPPL dan UKL-UPL dengan dibentuknya komite pemantauan lingkungan yang beranggotakan masyarakat yang ikut terlibat pada pengelolaan dan pemantauan lingkungan pertambangan. Kata kunci : Dampak fisik dan sosial, model kebijakan pertambangan berkelanjutan, pertambangan Many regional governments in Indonesia increase their revenues through mining activities, including Bantarbolang District, Pemalang Regency which approved 42 mining activity sites. While the mining activity provides to local income, it also brings along with it some problems, the conflict in the society, the non-involvement of surrounding society in their environmental impact assessments directly, the absence of reclamation activities in their environmental analysis, and environmental destruction. This research aims at studying the process of preparing Mining Spatial Zoning Plan and mining environmental assessment as well as the implementation of mining SPPL and UKL and UPL, the physical and social environmental impacts of mining activities, and mining policy model in Bantarbolang District, Pemalang Regency. The research design uses mix method approach, i.e. the qualitative study serving as the main approach and quantitative approach serving as a support. The data are collected mainly using in-depht interview, observation, and literature study while the quantitative approach uses questionnaire which is distributed to 200 respondents as the support. Bantarbolang District is located in Pemalang Regency with the most mining activities in 10 villages (Banjarsari, Bantarbolang, Glandang, Karanganyar, Lenggerong, Pedagung, Pegiringan, Purana, Sambeng and Sumurkidang). The materials mined include sand, stones, and landfill soil. The research results show that the mining spatial zoning is prepared without any consideration of geological potential, environmental support and capacity, and community participation. The Strategic Environmental Assessment (Kajian Lingkungan Hidup Strategis or KLHS) is performed merely for the purpose of completing the administrative requirement of the Mining Spatial Zoning Plan (RTRW). Furthermore, the mining environmental assessment conducted is less comprehensive in assessing the negative impacts of permanent nature. The permit holders neither implement a sound mining procedure nor environmental management according to the environmental documents. The mining activity impacts include physical ones in the form of landscape change, public facility damage, soil, air, noise, and water pollutions. The social impacts take the form of employment change, society’s incovenience due to the noise coming from truck traffic and dusty houses, rehabilitations of roads, mosque and schools. Sustainable mining policy model, in this case, requires mining territorial layout planning based on the considerations of geological studies, Strategic environmental assessment, as well as people’s active and passive roles. Model of environmental studies considers people’s agreement in making their decisions and contains those with medial and temporal impacts while the permanent ones require more comprehensive studies. SPPL and UKL-UPL implementation model due to the establishment of environmental monitoring committee involves communities in managing and monitoring the mining environment. Kata kunci : mining, physical and social impact, sustainable mining policy model.
Item Type: | Thesis (PhD) |
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Subjects: | T Technology > TD Environmental technology. Sanitary engineering |
Divisions: | School of Postgraduate (mixed) > Doctor Program in Environmental Science |
ID Code: | 62230 |
Deposited By: | INVALID USER |
Deposited On: | 07 May 2018 09:56 |
Last Modified: | 07 May 2018 09:56 |
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