Pengaruh Penetrasi Geografis, Penetrasi Demografis, Penggunaan Rekening Kredit dan Penggunaan Rekening DPK Bank Umum terhadap Kredit UMKM di Indonesia (Studi Kasus Tahun 2012-2016)

Abstract

Micro, small and medium enterprises (SMEs) are very conducive to the economic development of a nation, including Indonesia where the number of SMEs continues to increase from year to year. However, its growth is hampered by the difficulty of access to capital that causes less credit distribution to SMEs. To minimize this, the Indonesian government has issued an inclusive financial program to maximize the use of formal financial products and services, particularly banking. This study aims to determine the effect of geographic branch penetration (GBP), demographic branch penetration (DBP), credit accounts per capita (CAC) and deposit accounts per capita (DAC) to SMEs credit in Indonesia. The research sample is Indonesian territory and used total sampling method for covering data in all area, which is 34 provinces in 2012-2016. The data studied were obtained through non-participant observation method by directly quoting financial, banking, geographical and demographic data. Data analysis using multiple linear regression analysis, that has passed the classical assumption test. The results of this study indicate that geographic branch penetration has positive and insignificant effect on SME credit, demographic branch penetration has a negative and significant effect to SME credit, while credit and DPK accounts per capita have positive and significant effect to SME credit.