YUNDRI, Yundri and Setiawati, Mexitalia and Suhartono, Suhartono (2017) FAKTOR-FAKTOR RISIKO STATUS IMUNISASI DASAR TIDAK LENGKAP PADA ANAK : Studi di Wilayah Kerja Puskesmas II Kuala Tungkal. Masters thesis, School of Postgraduate.
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Abstract
Latar Belakang: Imunisasi dasar merupakan program yang dilakukan untuk melindungi tubuh dari serangan penyakit. Perilaku ibu, pelayanan kesehatan dan faktor lingkungan menjadi tolak ukur dalam status imunisasi dasar. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis faktor-faktor risiko status imunisasi dasar tidak lengkap pada anak. Metode: Penelitian observasional analitik dengan desain cross sectional dan didukung dengan pendekatan kualitatif metode indepth interview. Penelitian berlokasi di wilayah kerja puskesmas II Kuala Tungkal Kabupaten Tanjung Jabung Barat. Populasi penelitian adalah seluruh ibu yang mempunyai anak usia 12 sampai 24 bulan dengan jumlah sampel 92 responden. Cara pengambilan sampel dilakukan dengan teknik purposive random sampling. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan wawancara dan alat ukur yang digunakan adalah kuesioner. Data dianalisis secara univariat, bivariat dan multivariat. Hasil: Analisis multivariat menunjukkan pengetahuan ibu yang kurang baik (PR 3,95; 95% CI 2,29-6,8; p=0,0001) dan Sikap ibu terhadap imunisasi kurang mendukung (PR 3,08; 95%CI 1,82-5,19; p=0,0001), merupakan faktor risiko status imunisasi dasar tidak lengkap pada anak. Sedangkan umur ibu, pendidikan ibu, pekerjaan Ibu, persepsi ibu terhadap kondisi fasilitas kesehatan, persepsi ibu terhadap peran petugas imunisasi, jumlah anak dalam rumah tangga dan media informasi tidak terbukti sebagai faktor risiko status imunisasi dasar tidak lengkap pada anak. Pendekatan kualitatif dengan wawancara mendalam menunjukkan bahwa pengetahuan yang kurang baik tentang imunisasi dan sikap ibu terhadap imunisasi yang kurang mendukung menyebabkan terjadinya status imunisasi dasar anak yang tidak lengkap. Simpulan: Faktor faktor risiko status imunisasi dasar tidak lengkap pada anak adalah pengetahuan ibu kurang baik dan sikap ibu terhadap imunisasi kurang mendukung. Disarankan kepada Dinas Kesehatan untuk meningkatkan pengetahuan petugas kesehatan pada pelatihan yang menyangkut imunisasi dasar, sehingga mampu memberikan penyuluhan pada masyarakat tentang pentingnya imunisasi dasar pada anak. Kata kunci: imunisasi, pendekatan kualitatif, pengetahuan, Perilaku, sikap Background: Basic immunization is a program conducted to protect the body from disease. Mother behavior, health care and environmental factor serve as a benchmark in the basic immunization status. This study aimed to analyze the risk factors of incomplete basic immunization in children. Method: The research used observational analytic and cross sectional study supported by qualitative approach of in-depth interview method. The research was located in the working area of Community Health Centre II Kuala Tungkal, Municipality of West Tanjung Jabung. The research population was all mothers with children aged 12 to 24 months with sample size of 92 respondents. Sampling method was conducted by purposive random sampling. Data collection was done by interviewing and the measuring instrument used is a questionaire. Data was analyzed by univariate, bivariate and multivariate. Result: Multivariate analysis showed poor maternal knowledge (PR 3.95; 95% CI 2.29-6.8; p=0.0001) and lack of supportive attitudes of mothers toward immunization (PR 3.08; 95% CI 1.82 -5,19; p=0.0001), is a risk factor for incomplete basic immunization status in children. While mother's age, mother's education, mother's occupation, mother's perception of health facility condition, mother's perception on immunization staff role, number of child in the household and information media are not the risk factors of incomplete basic immunization status in children. A qualitative approach with in-depth interviews indicates that poor knowledge of immunization and the lack of supportive attitude of mothers toward immunization resulting in an incomplete basic immunization status. Conclusion: Risk factors for incomplete basic immunization status in children are poor mother's knowledge and lack of supportive attitudes of mothers toward immunization. Public Health Office is recommended to increase the knowledge of health workers on training related to basic immunization, so as to provide counseling to the society about the importance of basic immunization in children. Keywords: immunization, qualitative approach, knowledge, behavior, attitude
Item Type: | Thesis (Masters) |
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Subjects: | R Medicine > RA Public aspects of medicine > RA0421 Public health. Hygiene. Preventive Medicine |
Divisions: | School of Postgraduate (mixed) > Master Program in Epidemiology |
ID Code: | 61461 |
Deposited By: | INVALID USER |
Deposited On: | 21 Mar 2018 14:45 |
Last Modified: | 21 Mar 2018 14:45 |
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