PENERAPAN PRODUKSI BERSIH PADA INDUSTRI KECIL KERUPUK AMPLANG MEGA BERSAUDARA DI KECAMATAN BENUA KAYONG KABUPATEN KETAPANG PROVINSI KALIMANTAN BARAT

Abstract

Usaha produksi kerupuk amplang merupakan salah satu dari berbagai jenis Industri Kecil dan Makro yang bergerak di bidang pengolahan pangan dengan bahan baku ikan tenggiri. Analisis peluang penerapan produksi bersih dianggap perlu dilakukan pada industri kecil ini karena selain menghasilkan produk utama berupa amplang yang merupakan camilan renyah, gurih dan lezat, dalam proses produksinya juga menyebabkan timbulan limbah cair, limbah padat dan bau busuk sebagai produk samping. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisis proses produksi kerupuk amplang dan terjadinya timbulan limbah serta solusi apa saja untuk mengatasi timbulan limbah tersebut, menganalisis alternatif peluang produksi bersih yang bisa diterapkan dan keuntungan yang didapat dari penerapan alternatif peluang tersebut secara kelayakan teknis, ekonomi maupun lingkungan, menganalisis skala prioritas penerapan alternatif peluang produksi bersih dan kendala-kendala dalam penerapannya serta memberikan solusi untuk mengatasi kendala tersebut. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian deskriptif dengan metode observasi, pengukuran dan wawancara. Dengan lokasi penelitian di industri kecil kerupuk amplang Mega bersaudara di Kelurahan Kauman, Kecamatan Benua Kayong, Kabupaten Ketapang Kalimantan Barat. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penyebab timbulan limbah di industri kecil kerupuk amplang Mega bersaudara berasal dari proses produksi dan penggunaan bahan baku, bahan pelengkap, air dan energi berupa limbah padat dan limbah cair, didapat 12 alternatif peluang produksi bersih sebagai solusi untuk mengatasi timbulan limbah tersebut. Hasil analisis kelayakan ekonomi dengan indikator perhitungan NPV = 619.418.508 > 0, NET B/C =1,739 > 1, PBP 0,85 < 2, QBEP 285, 213 < 11,520, menyatakan bahwa usaha produksi industri kecil kerupuk amplang Mega Bersaudara layak untuk dilakukan. Keuntungan yang didapat setelah penerapan alternatif peluang tersebut adalah terjadinya penghematan penggunaan air sebanyak sebanyak 28,800 L atau senilai Rp. 141.120, - sehingga berdampak signifikan pada perbaikan lingkungan dengan berkurangnya jumlah dan sumber timbulan limbah cair dan tambahan pendapatan total sebesar Rp. 26.370.000, - karena hasil dari pemanfaatan limbah padat Kata Kunci: Proses produksi, kerupuk amplang, Produksi Bersih, analisis kelayakan, prioritas penerapan. Amplang cracker production business is one of various types of Small and Macro Industry engaged in food processing with raw material of mackerel fish. Assessment of cleaner production opportunities is considered to be necessary in the small industry of amplang crackers because in addition to producing the main product of the amplang which is a crunchy snack, tasty and delicious, the production of enchanted crackers also produces liquid waste, solid waste and bad smell which is a by-product. The purpose of this research is to analyze the production process of amplang crackers and the occurrence of waste generation as well as any solutions to overcome the waste generation from the production process, to analyze the alternatives of cleaner production opportunities that can be applied and the benefits gained by the application of alternative cleaner production opportunities on a technical feasibility , economic and environmental values, analyzing the priority of the application of alternative cleaner production opportunities and analyzing the constraints in the application of alternative cleaner production opportunities as well as providing solutions to overcome these obstacles. This research is a descriptive research with the method of observation, measurement and interview. With research location in small industry of amplang crackers Mega Bersaudara in Kauman Subdistrict, Subdistrict of Benua Kayong, Ketapang Regency Province of West Borneo. The results showed that the cause of waste generation in the small industry of amplang crackers Mega bersaudara came from the production process and the use of raw materials, auxiliary materials, water and energy in the form of solid waste and liquid waste, and obtained 12 alternatives of net production opportunity as a solution to overcome the waste disposal. The results of technical feasibility analysis in the form of eight alternative opportunities are very easy to implement and four alternative opportunities easy to implement because it requires additional materials or equipment in its application, the result of economic feasibility analysis with the calculation of financial investment shows the value of NPV = 619.418.508> 0, NET B / C = 1,739> 1, PBP 0.85 <2, QBEP 285, 213 <11,520, which means that the small industrial production of the envelope crackers is feasible to proceed, the results of an environmental feasibility analysis have three alternative opportunities with significant impacts, impact on the improvement of environmental quality. As for the benefits gained by the application of alternative net production opportunity as a whole, there are savings of water usage as much as 28,800 L or Rp. 141,120, - and an additional total revenue of Rp. 26.37 million, - for a year. Keywords: Production process, envelope crackers, Cleaner Production, feasibility analysis, implementation priority.