PENGARUH TEKANAN DAN SUHU TERHADAP PEROLEHAN MINYAK BIJI METE DENGAN PENEKANAN MEKANIS (HYDRAULIC PRESS) (Effect of Pressure Press and Preheating Temperature on Cashew Seed Oil yield using Hydraulic Pressing Methode)

Abstract

Cashews or cashew (Anacardium occidentale L) is a plant of Anacardiaceae tribe originating from Brazil and have a "fruit" that can be eaten, which is the famous metenya beans as food, cashews can also be extracted oils are of high quality. By seeing a high oil content in the flesh of the cashew nut which amounted to 49.1%, the oil has the potential to be exploited. Cashew nut oil extraction process can be done in two ways, among others, the pressing (pressing), and solvents (solvent). Two common ways is by mechanical pressing methods include hydraulic presses (hydraulic pressing) and pressing threaded (screw pressing). How hydraulic pressing need pre-treatment consisting of heating or tempering process. In this research study on the effect of preheating temperature and pressure pressing against the cashew nut shell oil recovery with hydraulic pressing method (Hydraulic pressing). Cashew kernels are cleaned and sorted from the chaff and dirt and then scaled down the size of cashew kernels then heated with a variable temperature of 70 ° C and 80 ° C then cashew nuts are pressed with a variable press pressure of 110 kg / cm2 and 120 kg / cm2. The results of this study obtained the largest percentage yield on variable preheating temperature 80 ° C with a press pressure of 120 kg / cm2 is equal to 28.68%. Keywords: Cashew, cashew nuts, Hydraulic pressings