DAMPAK PENCEMARAN LINDI TERHADAP LINGKUNGAN AKUATIK DITINJAU DARI ASPEK SAPROBITAS DAN KESEHATAN LINGKUNGAN DI SUI BAKAU BESAR LAUT KABUPATEN MEMPAWAH

WARTINIYATI, Wartiniyati and Anggoro, Sutrisno and Hendrarto, Boedi and Sunoko, Henna Rya (2016) DAMPAK PENCEMARAN LINDI TERHADAP LINGKUNGAN AKUATIK DITINJAU DARI ASPEK SAPROBITAS DAN KESEHATAN LINGKUNGAN DI SUI BAKAU BESAR LAUT KABUPATEN MEMPAWAH. PhD thesis, School of Postgraduate.

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Abstract

Berubahnya fungsi TPA dari sanitary landfill menjadi open dumping di TPA Sui Bakau Besar Laut merupakan kemunduran dalam sistem pengelolaan TPA. Dipengaruhi komposisi sampah, metode operasional dan iklim, konsentrasi lindi mengalami peningkatan komponen di setiap musim pada pasang surut, namun DO lindi musim hujan pada kondisi pasang pagi (0,21 mg/l), siang (0,15 mg/l), sore (0,15 mg/l) dan surut (0,18 mg/l) di bawah batas minimal berdasarkan PP No. 82 Tahun 2001 sebesar 6 mg/l. Musim kemarau konsentrasi DO pada lindi mengalami penurunan 2,71 mg/l dan 0 mg/l, terjadi peningkatan pada ammonia dan Fe di semua stasiun pada musim yang berbeda. Hal ini membahayakan organisme akuatik dan bersifat toksik, hanya spesies plankton tertentu yang mampu bertahan pada kondisi tingkat pencemaran perairan di sungai Bakau Besar Laut.Penelitian ini bertujuan mengkaji dampak lindi TPA SBBL terhadap kondisi Saprobitas, dan dampaknya terhadap kesehatan masyarakat sehingga menghasilkan strategi dalam pengelolaan lingkungan akuatik dengan indikator dampak lingkungan berupa pencemaran perairan, perubahan terhadap indek biologis serta derajat kesehatan masyarakat. Penelitian ini mengembangkan metode Saprobitas dengan Tropic Saprobic Index. Sistem Saprobic Index mengikuti pola terjadinya pasang surut, sebagai penunjuk derajat pencemaran yang terjadi di perairan dan lindi. sedangkan TSI bertumpu pada evaluasi kesuburan perairan, dimana ada biota non saprobic yang merubah TSI dengan SI terkait daya adaptasi dari mikroba planktonik yang ada di perairan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa tingkat pencemaran perairan dikategorikan dalam Oligosaprobic dan β-mesosaprobic di dua musim, dengan karakteristik lindi mengandung BOD, COD,TDS, TSS, Ammonia, dan Fe yang tinggi, serta DO yang rendah, sehingga berpengaruh buruk terhadap saprobitas perairan, ditandai adanya Skeletonema sebagai plankton yang toleran terhadap bahan organik, Nitzchia vermicularis dengan habitat cenderung berkelompok serta yang mampu beradaptasi dengan berbagai kondisi lingkungan seperti air tawar, dan genangan lumpur. Dari sudut pandang lingkungan, perubahan kualitas sungai mempunyai dampak terhadap kesehatan masyarakat ditandai jenis penyakit yang ada di sekitar TPA SBBL seperti penyakit kulit, DBD, malaria, ISPA, dan diare, sehingga diperlukan strategi pengelolaan agar pembuangan lindi tidak menimbulkan pencemaran lingkungan dan peningkatan risiko kesehatan masyarakat. Diperlukan sarana IPAL, peningkatan monitoring pengendalian pencemaran yang diimbangi dengan fasilitas pendukung operasional TPA serta terpenuhinya tenaga ahli analisis kualitas perairan. Pengembangan metode ini bisa dikembangkan bagi TPA yang berada di pesisir pantai. Kata Kunci: Lindi, Saprobitas, Kesehatan Lingkungan, Aquatik The change of function of landfills from sanitary landfill to open dumping in landfill Sui Bakau Besar Laut was considered to be retrogression in management. Influenced by the waste composition, climate and operational landfill methods, leachate concentrate sustained the increasing components in every season of the tides, nevertheless in the rainy season,the condition of the leachate dissolved oxygen in the morning tide (0,21 mg/l), afternoon (0,15 mg/l), evening (0,15 mg/l), and receding (0,18 mg/l). Were still under the minimum limit of government regulation no.82 year 2001 (6 mg/l). In a Dray season the concentration of leacheta dissolved oxygen decreased to point 2,71 mg/l and 0 mg/l, there is was an increasing ammonia and Fe contens in each station in the different seasons. Thus, endanger the aquatic organism which is toxicity, only a particular species of plankton which can be survived in the level condition of aquatic pollution in Sui Bakau Besar Laut. The objective of the study was to determine the environmental influence of the leachete of SBBL landfills towards the saprobic condition, and its impacts towards the environmental health in order to reveal an aquatic environmental management strategy by using the environmental impacts indicator, aquatic pollutions, the changing of biological index and the degree of human health as well. The study developed saprobic method with Tropic Saprobic Index. Sistem Saprobic Index following the pattern of occurrence of fairs, as a direction degree of pollution in the water and leachate. TSI reland on waters fertility evaluation, changing TSI with Saprobic Index is associated with adaption resistance of plantonic mikrobe in aquatic system. The results showed that level of aquatic pollution is was categorized in Oligosaprobic and β-mesosaprobic in two season, with the leachete characteristic consisted of BOD, COD, TDS, TSS, Ammonia, and the high of Fe , the low oxcygen demand, Thus adversely affected to aquatic saprobitas, is was marked by the existence of Skeletonema as tolerant plankton toward organic material, Nitchia vermicularis, which is merely grouped habitat and adaptable to to many kinds of environmental conditions such as freshwater and mud. From environmental view, changes in the quality of the river have impacts on public health was kind of disease around the landfill SBBL as the skin disease, dengue, malaria, Inpeksi acute respiratory, and diarrhea, so the strategy is needed management and disposal leachate not to couse environmental pollution and increase the risk of public health it is necessary mean of WWTP, an increase in monitoring pollution control is offset by support facilities of the landfill and the expert analysts the quality of waters. The development of this method can be was developed for the landfill is located on the coast of the beach. Keywords: Leachate, Saprobity, Environmental health, Aquatic

Item Type:Thesis (PhD)
Subjects:T Technology > TD Environmental technology. Sanitary engineering
Divisions:School of Postgraduate (mixed) > Doctor Program in Environmental Science
ID Code:56031
Deposited By:INVALID USER
Deposited On:14 Sep 2017 10:30
Last Modified:14 Sep 2017 10:30

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