STRATEGI PENGELOLAAN ECENG GONDOK DI DANAU TOBA WILAYAH KABUPATEN SAMOSIR

SIAHAAN, Naema and Soeprobowati, Tri Retnaningsih and Purnaweni, Hartuti (2016) STRATEGI PENGELOLAAN ECENG GONDOK DI DANAU TOBA WILAYAH KABUPATEN SAMOSIR. Masters thesis, School of Postgraduate.

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Abstract

Penetapan Danau Toba sebagai Kawasan Strategis Nasional melalui Peraturan Presiden Nomor 81 Tahun 2014 tentang Rencana Tata Ruang Kawasan Danau Toba dipandang sangat penting bagi pengembangan sektor ekonomi. Isu lingkungan dalam pengembangan kawasan Danau Toba adalah pencemaran air. Adanya pemanfaatan Danau Toba meliputi keramba jaring apung, kegiatan domestik maupun pertanian yang menghasilkan limbah nitrat serta limbah phospat. Nitrat dan Phospat tersebut dapat memicu eutrofikasi sehingga memicu peningkatan pertumbuhan eceng gondok. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk (1) Mengkaji kualitas air Danau Toba Kabupaten Samosir; (2) Mengkaji pertumbuhan eceng gondok di Danau Toba; (3) Mengkaji pemanfaatan eceng gondok serta (4) Mengembangkan model pengelolaan eceng gondok. Kualitas air Danau Toba antara lain status trofik air dengan melihat kadar P sebagai faktor pembatas dan dengan menggunakan metode STORET untuk mengetahui status mutu air Danau Toba. Pertumbuhan eceng gondok dianalisa dengan menggunakan metode mesocosm dengan membuat plot ukuran 1x1 meter dan ditanami eceng gondok dengan berat basah ±55 gram dan morfologi yang seragam (jumlah daun 5-6 helai) di 6 stasiun pengamatan pada Kecamatan Pangururan dan Palipi dan diukur pertumbuhannya pada H28. Analisa SWOT dilakukan untuk mengetahui model pengelolaan eceng gondok. Status mutu air Danau Toba wilayah Kabupaten Samosir berada dalam kondisi cemar ringan dan mengalami eutrofikasi di 23 titik sampling dari 47 titik sampling. Rerata pertumbuhan eceng gondok dari satu menjadi dua tunas membutuhkan waktu ±8 hari dengan berat basah rata-rata pada H28 yaitu ±179,22 gram dan 21% luas tutupan plot eceng gondok. Pemanfaatan eceng gondok yang dilakukan yaitu kerajinan anyam-anyaman dan kompos. Model pengelolaan eceng gondok yang dapat dikembangkan di Samosir yaitu melalui Pengelolaan secara Terpadu dengan mengendalikan eceng gondok menggunakan metode fisik, biologi dan sosial serta melalui regulasi pembatasan budidaya Keramba Jaring Apung. Kata kunci: Danau Toba, eutrofikasi, Pengelolaan Terpadu, Samosir Lake Toba was assigned as National Strategic Area by President’s Rule Number 81/2014 on Spatial Planning Lake Toba Area so that it’s have an important function to increasing the economic. Environmental issue of Lake Toba development is water pollution. The utilizations of Lake Toba such as a floating net aquaculture, domestic activities and agriculture cultivation producing an organic material like nitrate and phosphate. That’s material causing an eutrophication that can inflict the growth of water hyacinth. This research has 4 purposes: (1) studies about water quality of Lake Toba; (2) studies about water hyacinth growth; (3) studies about water hyacinth utilization and (4) studies about strategy of water hyacinth management. The water quality of Lake Toba analyzed based on water trophic status by seeing the Phosphate (P) concentration as limited factor and by using STORET method to show the class of Lake Toba water quality. The growth of water hyacinth analyzed with mesocosm method by making the plot 1x1 meter and planted the water hyacinth with biomass ±50 gram with similar morphology (5-6 leaves) at 6 stations in Pangururan and Palipi Districts. The water hyacinth utilization was analyzed by using stakeholders analyzes. And then the strategy of water hyacinth was analyzing with SWOT. The class of Lake Toba water quality at Samosir Regency is on Medium Contaminate. Lake Toba has been in eutrophication condition seeing from 23 sampling point. The average of water hyacinth growth from one sprout to two sprouts needs ±8 days with biomass ±179.22 gram at H28 and 21% covering. The water hyacinth was utilized by making handicrafts and composting it. The models of water hyacinth management use an Integrated Control. Water hyacinth Integrated Control using 3 combinations method, physical removal, biological method and social method. An important thing that can be controlling the water hyacinth is setting up the regulation about limitation of floating net aquaculture. Keywords: Lake Toba, Eutrophication, Integrated Control, Samosir.

Item Type:Thesis (Masters)
Subjects:T Technology > TD Environmental technology. Sanitary engineering
Divisions:School of Postgraduate (mixed) > Master Program in Environmental Science
ID Code:55956
Deposited By:INVALID USER
Deposited On:13 Sep 2017 10:57
Last Modified:13 Sep 2017 10:57

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