VALUASI PENCEMARAN SUNGAI DAN PROSPEK KEBERHASILAN PENERAPAN CO-MANAGEMENT (STUDI KASUS: KALI BABON, SEMARANG)

Abstract

Babon River is one of the rivers in Central Java and had an important role in the city of Semarang. Besides being used to support the activities of community around the river, Babon River also used by PDAM Tirta Moedal Semarang in obtaining raw water production. In 2016, PDAM Tirta Moedal produces about 54.63 liters / sec of water from Babon River. However, due to the activities of domestic and industrial waste disposal, as well as mining activities in the river basin impact on pollution of the river water in the taps at a cost to restore the water quality. Prokasih is a program created by BLH Semarang in the management of the river to be clean, but the program is felt less than the maximum in its implementation because oriented on a top down approach, so it requires another approach that is participatory management (co-management). The purpose of this study was to: (1) to identify the profile and environmental conditions of the river as well as the socio-economic condition of community in Babon river (2) measuring the degree of participation of community with the government in the management of the river, (3) to identify the prospects of co-management as an approach that will be used in the management of babon river, (4) to estimate the costs caused by pollution of the river is covered by the PDAM and (5) to estimate the willingness to pay value of the bussinesman in an effort to manage the liquid waste towards clean environment of the river. This study uses primary and secondary data. Primary data were obtained from 116 respondents consisting of 90 community respondents by using quoted sampling and 16 bussinesman respondents and 10 key persons using purposive sampling. Secondary data were obtained from the PDAM Tirta Moedal, BBWS Pemali Juana, BLH Semarang City and BLH Central Java Province. Descriptive qualitative analysis to answer the first purpose, in-depth interview to answer the fourth and the fifth purpose, the replacement cost method used to answer the second purpose and CVM method to answer the third purpose. The results show that community consider that the environmental conditions of the river further downstream Babon increasingly isnt managed. The degree of government participation is still more dominant in managing the river, and prospects for the success of co-management is quite prospective. Result replacement cost method shows that in 2016 the cost of pollution increased to Rp 27.721.838 compared to the year 2012 amounting to Rp 25.303.744 based on current prices. If judged by the price in 2012 as the base year, pollution charges increased by Rp 29.892.025 in 2016. Result CVM method shows the average of Bussinesman WTP Value is Rp 127.116/ month and the total value of WTP is Rp 106.777.440 that can be allowed for the manufacture of WWTI.