PENGARUH KOMBINASI ANNONA MURICATA DAN ARTEMISININ-BASED COMBINATION TERAPHY (ACT) TERHADAP LAMA HIDUP DAN PARASITEMI PADA MENCIT YANG MENDERITA MALARIA (Studi Infeksi Plasmodium berghei ANKA pada Mencit swiss)

Abstract

Background: There are many cases of malaria in Indonesia, Annona muricata is a medicinal plant widely grown in Indonesia. Therapy with the extract of Annona muricata is expected to prolong the length of life of Plasmodium-infected mice. Objective: To know the impact of Artemisinin-based Combination Therapy and Annona muricata on the length of life of PbA-infected Swiss mice. Methods: This study is an experimental study with Post Test Only Control Group design, involved 48 samples that is divided randomly into four groups. Survival test is also conducted on four groups of experimental animals. Survival analysis has been done with proportional hazard (PH) assumption. For parasitemia index, ANOVA test continued with Post Hoc has been used. Result: Kapplan Meier curve indicated that the life span of Group 1 was longer compared to the control group and the life span of Group 2 was longer than Group 1. In Group 2 and Group 3, one death and two deaths occurred respectively. Parasitemia results showed H-17=(P=0,291), H-19(P=1,00), H-21(P=0,336), H-23(P=0,879), H-30(P=0,763). Conclusion: Combination of Annona muricata and Artemisinin-based Combination Therapy (ACT) reduced parasitemia and lengthened life span compared to the control group and group treated only with Annona muricata. However, when compared to the group treated only with ACT, there was no differences seen in life span and parasitemia index. Keywords: Plasmodium berghei, ACT, Annona muricata, malaria combination therapy