PERBANDINGAN KETEBALAN INTIMA MEDIA ARTERI KAROTIS ANTARA PASIEN HIPERTENSI DENGAN DIABETES MELLITUS DAN TANPA DIABETES MELLITUS

Abstract

Background: WHO in 2014 showed that 22% of adults had hypertension and each year 9.4 million people died due to complications of hypertension. Hypertension is a risk factor for atherosclerosis. Diabetes mellitus often occurs along with hypertension. Individuals with diabetes have an increased risk of atherosclerotic disease 2-4 times higher than individuals without diabetes. Carotid intima-media thickness (CIMT) through the carotid vascular ultrasound can assess the subclinical atherosclerosis. Objective: Comparing mean CIMT among hypertensive patients with and without diabetes. Method: This is an observational study with cross sectional design using consecutive sampling method. Group I consisted of 16 hypertensive subjects without diabetes and group II consisted of 16 hypertensive subjects with diabetes. The mean CIMT values were analyzed based on the age, gender, dyslipidemia status, obesity status, level of physical activity, smoking history, and diabetes status. Statistical analysis was done by Mann Whitney test and Kruskal Wallis test. Results: The mean CIMT in hypertension without diabetes was 0.75±0.32 mm, while on hypertension with diabetes was 0.95±0.43 mm. There were 11 subjects with abnormal CIMT (> 0.9 mm). Mann Whitney test showed difference in mean CIMT by diabetes status was not significant. 68.8% of the subjects had dyslipidemia. There was significant difference between the mean CIMT based on dyslipidemia status. The place of this research was secondary healthcare, thus some subjects had manifestations of atherosclerotic disease. Conclusion: Difference in mean CIMT by diabetes status in hypertensive patients was not significant. Keywords: hypertension, diabetes mellitus, atherosclerosis, CIMT