PENGARUH PEMBERIAN EKSTRAK JINTAN HITAM (Nigella sativa) TERHADAP KADAR KOLESTEROL LDL SERUM TIKUS SPRAGUE DAWLEY SETELAH PEMBERIAN PAPARAN ASAP ROKOK

Abstract

Background : Low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-c) has a great role in development of cardiovascular disease. The increase of LDL-c level is influenced by many factors, one of them is cigarette smoke exposure. Black seed (Nigella sativa) is a medicinal herb with many pharmaceutical uses, one of them is lipid profile improvement, including serum LDL-c level. Aim : To determine the effect of black seed extract administration on serum LDL-c level of Sprague Dawley rats exposed by cigarette smoke. Method : True experimental with posttest only control group design. After the adaptation, 24 Sprague Dawley rats were randomized into 4 groups. Every group was given standardized diet and water for 28 days. Group K1 was negative control, group K2 was given cigarette smoke exposure from 4 cigarettes/day, group P1 was given cigarette smoke exposure from 4 cigarettes/day and 500 mg black seed extract, group P2 was given cigarette smoke exposure from 4 cigarettes/day and 0,2 mg simvastatin. Serum LDL-c levels were measured by enzymatic method at 29th day. One way Anova test was used for statistical analysis. Results : The mean of serum LDL-c level in K1 was 25,20 ± 2,63, K2 was 26,60 ± 3,35, P1 was 23,78 ± 2,05, and P2 was 26,75 ± 2,28. One way Anova test showed that there was no significant difference between group K1, K2, P1, and P2 (p > 0,05). Interesting finding in this research was that serum LDL-c level was lower with black seed extract administration compared to simvastatin administration, so that black seed extract could be used as adjuvant therapy. Conclusion : Black seed extract administration had an effect insignificantly on serum LDL-c level of Sprague Dawley rats exposed by cigarette smoke. Keywords : Black seed, LDL cholesterol, cigarette smoke