AKTIVITAS ANTIVIRAL CURCUMIN TERHADAP VIRUS DENGUE : Studi Eksperimental In Vitro pada Galur Sel A549

Abstract

Introduction : Dengue virus (DENV) is the most geographically widespread arbovirus and a major worldwide problem. Viral load is associated with severity of the disease in the patients, but there is no licensed antiviral drug available. Consequently, the current treatment for DENV infection is limited to early detection, fluid replacement and symptomatic therapy. Therefore, antiviral drug should be more effective treatment. In this study, we investigated the antiviral effect of Curcumin, a major active constituent of turmeric (Curcuma longa), on DENV growth in human lung epithelial carcinoma (A549) cells line. Methods : Initially, we conducted Curcumin A549 cells toxicity assay to determine Curcumin’s Cytotoxic Dose (CC50) in A549 cells. Then, we infected the cells with DENV-1 at multiplicity of infection = 1 and treated the cells with multisubtoxic dose Curcumin during whole incubation (Full Time) and after the virus entry to the cells (After Entry). We incubated the infected cells with Curcumin for 48 H and latter, determined virus titer with Plaque Assay. Results : Based on Curcumin A549 cells toxicity assay, we found that Curcumin would not significantly affect A549 cells in concentration up to 50 μm with CC50= 151.19 μM. The results showed treatment of DENV infected cells with Curcumin could significantly reduce virus titer in full time treatment, with IC50 = 20.383 μM, but the results from After Entry treatment showed non-significant reduction in virus titer, with IC50 = 33.062 μM. Conclusion : Curcumin has an antiviral activity against DENV infection and could provide new therapeutic approach for DENV infection. Keywords: Curcumin, Dengue, A549 cell