JENIS – JENIS EFEK SAMPING PENGOBATAN OAT DAN ART PADA PASIEN DENGAN KOINFEKSI TB/HIV DI RSUP dr.KARIADI

Abstract

Background : Tuberculosis (TB) in Indonesia is still ranked 2nd in the world and is a major cause of death in people living with HIV AIDS (PLWHA). To reduce the risk of death in patients coinfected with TB/HIV, World Health Organization (WHO) recommends rifampycin-based regimen and efavirenz-based regimen as first-line therapy. The joint use of both these regimens lead to high pill burden, increased risk of drugs interactions, and overlapping toxicity. Aim : To determine the frequency and types of adverse events related to antituberculosis and antiretroviral treatment and characteristics of patient experiencing adverse events in dr.Kariadi General Hospital Semarang. Method : This was a descriptive analytic research with cross sectional design. Samples were obtained from medical records of patients coinfected with TB / HIV who was hospitalized and underwent outpatient treatment which were included in inclusion criteria in dr.Kariadi General Hospital Semarang in 2013-2015. Results : A total of 90 medical records included in the study. The incidence of adverse drug reaction occurred in 21 patients (23,6%) and the adverse events were gastrointestinal symptoms (10,1%), hepatotoxicity (6,7%), hematologic disorders (6,7%) , neuropsychiatric disorders (5,6%), skin disorders (4,5%), peripheral neuropathy (2,2%), and lipodystrophy (1,1%). Duration of treatment less than 6 months was a risk factor for adverse drug reaction (p = 0,000). Conclusion : Adverse events of antituberculosis and antiretroviral treatment found were gastrointestinal symptoms, hepatotoxicity, hematologic disorders, neuropsychiatric disorders, skin disorders, peripheral neuropathy, and lipodystrophy. Duration of treatment less than 6 months was a risk factor for adverse drug reaction. Keywords : TB/HIV coinfection, antituberculosis drugs, antiretroviral treatment, adverse drug reaction, duration of treatment