PENGARUH EKSTRAK DAUN KERSEN (Muntingia calabura) TERHADAP GAMBARAN MIKROSKOPIS GINJAL TIKUS WISTAR JANTAN YANG DIINDUKSI ETANOL DAN SOFT DRINK

Abstract

Background : Ethanol and soft drink have been consumed widely in the world. Ethanol can alter the structure and function of the kidney which microscopically can be characterized by changes in the structure of the glomerulus, the kidney enlargement and the increasing number of fat cells, protein and water. As well as soft drins that can cause bleeding and kidney intertubuler glomeruler congestion. Muntingia calabura leaves have the potential to counteract the free radicals as exogenous antioxidants. Muntingia calabura leaves are expected to have a protective effect on the kidneys. Aim : To prove the effect of Muntingia calabura leaves extracts against microscopic appearance kidney male Wistar rats were induced by ethanol and soft drink. Method : Experimental laboratory research with a Post Test-Only Control Group Design. Sample consists of 30 male Wistar rats divided into 5 groups. K group was given the standard feed. P1 group was given 40% ethanol 1.8 ml / 200g / day. P2 group was given soft drink 50 ml / rat / day. P3 group was given Muntingia calabura leaves extracts 500 mg/kgBW 60 minutes before administration of ethanol. P4 group was given Muntingia calabura leaves extracts 500 mg/kgBW 60 minutes before administration of soft drink. After the intervention for 30 days, kidneys were taken for microscopic. Analysed by Kruskal-Wallis test and Mann-Whitney test. Result : Krsukal-Wallis test showed significant differences in all groups with p = 0.002. Results of Post Hoc test provides meaningful difference in K-P1 (p=0,006), K-P2 (p=0,032), P1-P3 (p=0,006), P2-P4 (p=0,019), P1-P4 (p=0,004), but the difference was not significant in K-P3 (p=0,229), K-P4 (p=1,000), P1-P2 (p=0,312), P2-P3 (p=0,075), P3-P4 (p=0,171). Conclusion : Muntingia calabura leaves extracts 500 mg/kgBW can lower the number of male Wistar rats tubular damage induced by ethanol and soft drink. Keywords : Ethanol, soft drink, Muntingia calabura leaves extracts, antioxidant, kidney microscopic appearance.