PENGARUH PEMBERIAN EKSTRAK DAUN SIRIH MERAH (Piper Crocatum) DOSIS BERTINGKAT TERHADAP AKTIVITAS FAGOSITOSIS MAKROFAG MENCIT BALB/C YANG DIINFEKSI Salmonella typhimurium

Abstract

Background: Piper crocatum is a multi efficacy herbal medicine. Its leaf consists of tannins, saponins, alkaloids and flavonoids. Alkaloids and flavonoids improve the activity of IL-2 and lymphocite proliferation. The activated Th1 cells influence on SMAF (Specific Macrophage Activating Factor) that enables macrophage activation. This research purpose is to evaluate the effect of piper crocatum extract into the immune system of Salmonella Thyphimurium infected mice by considering the ability of macrophage phagocytosis. Aim: To understand the effect of Piper crocatum leaf extract doses 10, 30, 100 mg/day/mice onto macrophage phagocytosis activities of Salmonella typhimurium infected BALB/C mice. Methods: This study was an experimental laboratory design of Post Test Only Control Group Design. The research utilized 5 groups, control group consists of C1 that only given the extract of Piper Crocatum leaf of 10 mg/day/mouse and C2 only given intraperitoneal of Salmonella typhimurium injection while other group (P1,P2,P3) given the intraperitoneal of Salmonella typhirium injection as well as the extract of Piper Crocatum leaf with dose of 10, 30, 100 mg/day/mouse. Result: Average Indexes of Macrophage Phagocytosis on each group are: C1 = 0,22; C2 = 0,14; P1 = 0,23; P2 = 0,32; P3 = 0,66. There were significant differences among C groups and P groups. Those are C1-C2, C2-P1, C2-P2, C2-P3, P1-P2, P1-P3, and P2-P3. Conclusion: The gradual increase dose of piper crocatum leaf extract influence on the improved macrophage phagocytosis activity. Keywords: Piper crocatum, macrophage phagocytosis, Salmonella typhimurium.