PENGARUH PEMBERIAN MERKURI PER ORAL TERHADAP GAMBARAN HISTOPATOLOGIS GINJAL TIKUS WISTAR

Abstract

Background Mercury is a harmful heavy metal compound, but commonly used in human life. Mercury consists of elemental, inorganic, and organic. Mercury poisoning cases have long been found. Exposure to mercury damage many organs, including the kidney. Kidney, especially proximal tubule, is the main accumulation site of mercuric chloride (kind of inorganic mercury). Aim To know the effect of mercuric chloride oral administration on Wistar rat kidney’s histopathological appearance. Methods Experimental study with post test only control group design for 14 days, used 27 male Wistar rats, divided randomly into: control (given no mercuric chloride), 10 mg/kgBW mercuric chloride, and 20 mg/kgBW mercuric chloride. Each group consists of 9 rats. On 15th day, rats were terminated, kidneys were harvested, samples were processed, stained with Hematoksilin-Eosin, and examined on 400 times magnification. Proximal tubule destruction degree: normal, mild (tubule dilatation), moderate (parenchym degeneration), and severe (tubule cell necrosis). Results Normal, mild destruction, moderate destruction, and severe destruction on: control: 0, 33,3%, 66,7%, 0 ; 10 mg/kgBW group: 0, 0, 33,3%, 66,7% ; 20 mg/kgBW group: 0, 0, 0, 100%. Destruction degree average was increased from control to 20 mg/kgBW group. Statistical analysis with Kruskal-Wallis test showed significant difference (p<0.001) followed by Mann-Whitney test showed significant difference between control with 10 mg/kgBW group (p=0.002) and control with 20 mg/kgBW group (p<0.001). There was insignificant difference between 10 mg/kgBW and 20 mg/kgBW group (p=0.065). Conclusion Mercuric chloride oral administration caused changes on Wistar rat kidney’s histopathological appearance. Keywords: mercuric chloride, kidney’s histopathology appearance.