PENGARUH AMONIASI DAN FERMENTASI TERHADAP KECERNAAN SERAT KASAR PUCUK TEBU SECARA IN SACCO (The Influence of Ammoniation and Fermentation on In Sacco Crude Fiber Digestibility Sugar Cane Top)

Abstract

ABSTRACT The conversion of agriculture to non-agriculture land tend to increase, so that to cause the increasing of land using to crop production. In turn, the land which available to forages production become to limited. Those to cause the adequate forages supply very difficult to be realized. As the effort to meet the roughage requitement, the farmer ussualy use the crop residues, among other sugar cane top. Because its maturity, crop residues quality as feed not adequate. It be caused by the low crude fiber digestibility, so that its total dry matter digestibility is also low. On the other hand, crude fiber is the major component of dry matter of crop residues. Crude fiber digestibility in crop residues is low, because cristallinity and degree of lignifications of cellulose is high. Ammoniation and fermentation can make the delightnification, depolimerization and decreasing or cristallinity of cellulose. Combination treatment between ammoniation and fermentation will increases the utility of crop residues as feed. This investigation was conducted to study the effect of combination between chemical treatment (ammoniation) and biological treatment (fermentation by Trichoderma reesei) on the utility of sugar cane top as ruminant feed. Those in this case to be reflected by in sacco crude fiber digestibility. The Sugar cane top var. BZ-48, urea as ammonia source, T. reesei isolate, rice bran as substrate for sporulation and fistulated yearling male cattle PO, were used as experimental material. Sugar cane top was out 2 cm and dried. Ammoniation process was done to them with ammonia levels were : 2, 4 and 6 percent (treatment factor I). After that, fermentation process was conducted by Trichoderma reesei with incubation periods were : 0, 2 and 4 weeks (treatment factor II). In sacco digestion technique was applicated by nylon bag with incubation time 48 hours. Crude fiber content analysis on sugar cane top nd undigested dry matter residue by Wendee method. The collected data were statistically analyzed by analysis of variance with 4 x 3 factorial treatment pattern in completely randomized design. Investigation result showed that fermentation by T. reesei (up to 4 weeks incubation) and ammoniation (up to 60% ammonia) tend increases in sacco crude fiber digestibility of sugar cane top. Combination treatment between fermentation (4 weeks incubation) and ammoniation (6% ammonia) to increase fermentation effectivity significantly (P<0,05), namely : 50,25% vs 31,37% in untreated sugar can top. Keywords : Ammoniation; Fermentation; Crude Fiber; In Sacco; Digestibility; Sugar Cane Top