Hubungan Status Gizi terhadap Imunoglobulin M Anti Phenolyc Glykolipid-1 pada Anak Usia 6-14 Tahun dengan Riwayat Orangtua Kusta Di Kabupaten Jepara

Abstract

Universitas Diponegoro Fakultas Kesehatan Masyarakat Program Studi Magister Ilmu Kesehatan Masyarakat Konsentrasi Kesehatan Ibu dan Anak 2015 ABSTRAK Ika Hermawati Hubungan Status Gizi terhadap Imunoglobulin M Anti Phenolyc Glykolipid-1 pada Anak Usia 6-14 Tahun dengan Riwayat Orangtua Kusta Di Kabupaten Jepara xiii + 106 halaman + 14 tabel + 1 gambar + 8 lampiran Pada anak yang tampaknya sehat, perlu diwaspadai adanya seropositif kusta jika ditemukan titer Imunoglobulin M anti phenolic glycolipid-1(PGL-I) yang tinggi apalagi dengan riwayat kontak orangtua yang menderita kusta. Asupan makanan yang kurang akan mengakibatkan status gizi yang kurang sehingga memudahkan terjadi penyakit. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisis hubungan status gizi dengan kadar Imunoglobulin M anti phenolic glykolipid-1 (PGL-1) pada anak usia 6-14 tahun dengan riwayat kontak orangtua penderita kusta di Kabupaten Jepara. Penelitian observasional analitik ini dilaksanakan dengan pendekatan cross sectional. Subjek dalam penelitian ini adalah 41 anak usia 6-14 tahun dengan riwayat orangtua kusta di Kabupaten Jepara yang dipilih secara purposive sampling. Instrumen penelitian berupa food frequency questionare, lembar observasi kebersihan diri serta kondisi rumah. Analisis data dilakukan dengan Korelasi Pearson dan regresi linier berganda. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa rerata subjek memiliki gizi normal menurut skor Z IMT/U (0,96±0,47). Rerata tingkat kecukupan protein 116,2±27,9%, tingkat kecukupan energi 78,7±28,7,%, tingkat kecukupan seng 78,9±9,4%, tingkat kecukupan Selenium 79,4±10,8%, serta tingkat kecukupan vitamin D 37,8±17,9%. Ada hubungan tingkat kecukupan protein dengan kadar IgM anti PGL-1 yang bersifat negatif (r= -0,35, p=0,001). Tidak ada hubungan antara kadar IgM anti PGL-1 dengan tingkat kecukupan protein, energi, vitamin A, vitamin D, seng dan Selenium. Disimpulkan bahwa semakin tinggi tingkat kecukupan protein, semakin rendah kemungkinan tertular kusta subklinik. Disarankan kepada puskesmas dan Dinas Kesehatan untuk melakukan upaya peningkatan asupan protein pada anak diperkampungan kusta serta uji skrining kadar IgM anti PGL-1 untuk mendeteksi kusta subklinis secara dini. Kata kunci : IgM anti PGL-1, Kusta Subklinis, Anak, Status gizi Kepustakaan : 43 (1993-2014) Diponegoro University Faculty of Public Health Master’s Study Program in Public Health Majoring in Maternal and Child Health 2015 ABSTRACT Ika Hermawati The Relationship between Nutritional Status and Immunoglobulin M Anti-Phenolic Glycolipid-1 among Children aged 6-14 years old with Leprous Parents xiii + 106 pages + 14 tables + 1 figure + 8 appendices Seropositive leprosy need to be monitored among healthy children if a high level of immunoglobulin M (IgM) anti-phenolic glycolipid-1 (anti-PGL-1) is found among them with leprous parents. The lack of food intake causes poor nutritional status that leads to be more susceptible to a disease. The aim of this study was to analyse the relationship between nutritional status and a level of IgM anti-PGL-1 among children aged 6-14 years old with leprous parents in District of Jepara. This was an observational-analytic study using a cross-sectional approach. Number of subjects were 41 children aged 6-14 years old with leprous parents in District of Jepara selected using a technique of purposive sampling. Research instruments consisted of a food frequency questionnaire and an observational form for assessing personal hygiene and house condition. Furthermore, data were analysed using the Pearson product-moment correlation and multiple linear regression tests. The results of this research showed that subjects had an average normal nutritional status in accordance with a Z-score (IMT/U) equal to 0.96±0.47, an average level of protein sufficiency equal to 116.2±27.9%, a level of energy sufficiency equal to 78.7±28.7%, a level of zinc sufficiency equal to 78.9±9.4%, a level of selenium sufficiency equal to 79.4±10.8%, and a level of vitamin D sufficiency equal to 37.8±17.9%. A level of protein sufficiency had significantly negatively relationship with the level of IgM anti-PGL-1 (r= -0.35; p=0.001). On the other hand, there were no significant relationships between the factors of sufficiency levels of protein, energy, vitamin A, vitamin D, zinc, and selenium and the level of IgM anti-PGL-1. The higher protein sufficiency level, the lower possibility to be transmitted by subclinical leprosy. Health centre and District Health Office need to increase protein intake among children living in a leprous area and to conduct a screening test of the level of IgM anti-PGL-1 for detecting subclinical leprosy at an early stage. Keywords : IgM Anti-PGL-1, Subclinical Leprosy, Child, Nutritional Status Bibliography: 43 (1993-2014)