Marginalisasi Queer Identities di Media Sosial : Analisis Wacana Kritis Cyberbullying Komentar di Akun Instagram Dena Rachman dan Tata Liem

Abstract

MARGINALISASI QUEER IDENTITIES DI MEDIA SOSIAL (Analisis Wacana Kritis Cyberbulllying dalam Bentuk Komentar di Akun Instagram Dena Rachman dan Tata Liem) Abstraksi Bullying merupakan aksi negatif yang seringkali agresif dan manipulatif, dilakukan oleh satu atau lebih orang terhadap orang lain atau beberapa orang selama kurun waktu tertentu, bermuatan kekerasan, dan melibatkan ketidakseimbangan kekuatan. Seiring dengan berkembangnya teknologi, proses bullying yang tadinya dilakukan secara langsung dalam konteks tatap muka, berpindah ke media sosial, yang kemudian disebut cyberbullying. Instagram merupakan salah satu media sosial yang banyak terdapat cyberbullying di dalamnya, khususnya kepada para public figure. Hal ini menjadi menarik ketika public figure yang di-bully adalah LGBT, yaitu Dena Rachman (transjender) dan Tata Liem (part-time cross-dresser, orientasi seksual homo). Peneliti akan mencaritahu bagaimana performa identitas yang dimunculkan oleh Queer Identities di Instagram sehingga memunculkan cyberbullying dalam bentuk komentar, kemudian bagaimana bentuk-bentuk cyberbullying komentar terhadap Queer Identities di Instagram, dan bagaimana wacana yang membentuk logika kebenaran yang mewajarkan pelaku cyberbullying untuk melakukan aksi bullying-nya dalam bentuk komentar terhadap Queer Identities di Instagram. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode analisis wacana kritis, dan teknik analisis dan interpretasi data Teun A. van Dijk, penelitian ini memperlihatkan hasil bahwa performa identitas jender yang ditampilkan oleh pemilik identitas Queer di media sosial berbeda-beda antara transjender dan cross-dresser yang memiliki orientasi seksual homo, kemudian pada praktiknya cyberbullying yang ditampilkan berbeda, perbedaan tersebut terkait dengan konteks fisik, konteks identitas, dan konteks agama, namun pada hasil wawancara terlihat bahwa terdapat persamaan pemaknaan terhadap identitas jender Dena Rachman dan Tata Liem. Logika kebenaran yang menjadi dasar cyberbullying, yang dimunculkan oleh para komentator di Instagram merupakan logika yang sudah terpatri dan menjadi mindset mereka karena telah dilembagakan dalam kehidupan sehari-hari melalui pendidikan, kehidupan sosial kemasyarakatan, dan peraturan negara. Kata kunci: bullying, LGBT, marginalisasi, media sosial THE MARGINALIZATION OF QUEER IDENTITIES IN SOCIAL MEDIA: A Critical Discourse Analysis Study of Cyberbullying in the Form of Comment in Dena Rachman’s and Tata Liem’s Instagram Account Abstract Bullying is a negative action that is often aggressive and manipulative, performed by one person or more against another person or group of people for any given period of time, it is contained with violence and imbalance of power. As the advancing of technology, bullying that had been made directly in the context of face-to-face, became online, it moved to social media, which was then called cyberbullying. Instagram is one of social media that contain a lot of cyberbullying, it usually happened to public figure. It became interesting when the public figure in the bully is LGBT, namely Dena Rachman (transgender) and Tata Liem (homosexual, part-time cross-dresser). This study explored how the performance of identity showed by Queer Identities in Instagram, then how kind of forms that appeared as cyberbullying in the form of comment, and how discourse formed the logic of truth which naturalize the perpetrators to commit cyberbullying act without hesitation. This study used Critical Discourse Analysis (CDA) method and Teun A. van Dijk’s analysis technique and data interpretation. The results showed that the performance of gender identity displayed by Queer Identity in social media was different between transgender and cross-dresser who has a homo sexual orientation. The forms of cyberbullying that happened are displayed differently, the differences were related to physical context, identity context, and religious context. However, based on indepth interview’s result, researcher found that there were signification similarity about Dena Rachman and Tata Liem’s gender identity. The logic of truth that became the basis of cyberbullying is already a natural logic and became the perpetrator’s mindset because it has been institutionalized in everyday life through education, social life, and state regulations. Key Words: bullying, LGBT, marginalization, social media