EFEKTIVITAS EKSTRAK DAUN UNGU UNTUK MENURUNKAN KADAR TNFα DAN NO (Studi eksperimental pada mencit Swissyang diinfeksi Staphylococcus aureus)

Abstract

Background: Extract of Gratophyllum pictum L. leaves containactive phytochemical compounds such as alkaloids, tannins and flavonoids, which have antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus. This study aims to prove the effectiveness of extract of G. pictum L.to reduce the level of TNF-α and NO in Swiss mice infected with S. aureus. Methods: The study was a Randomized Post Test OnlyControl Group design by using 30 Swiss mice thatwere divided into 5 groups, consist of : K (-) normal mice ; K(+) mice were infected with S. aureus ; P1 , P2 , P3 were infected with S. aureus and given extract of G. pictum leaves 75, 150, and300 mg/kgBW/day for 7 days . The measurement of TNF-α and NOlevel were done from peritoneal macrophages culture supernatant byusing ELISA and microplate reader . Results: Mean levels of TNF-α group K ( - ) , K ( + ) , P1 , P2 , P3 were 300.29 ; 550.29 ; 390.34 ; 517.67 ; 327.55 pg / mlrespectively. One Way ANOVA test showedthere was significant differences between all treatment groups (p= 0.001), LSD Post Hoc test revealedP1 and P3 groups different significantly with K(+) with p= 0.013 and p = 0.001. Mean levels of NO group K (-), K (+), P1, P2, P3 were 1.32; 3.56 ; 2.50 ; 2.64 ; 1.56 µM / mlrespectively.Mann-Whitney Test showed that levels of NO significantly different between K(+) with P3 with p=0,037.Spearman correlation test results are positive correlation between TNF-α and NO with the variation results on each treatment groups (r s 0,143 – 0,657 ). Conclusion: Extract G. pictum leaves 300 mg/kgBW/day for 7 days can significantly reduce levels of TNF-α and NO in Swiss mice infected by S. aureus. Keywords : Extract of Gratophylum pictum leaves,Staphylococcus aureus, TNF-α, NO