PENGARUH EKSTRAK PHALERIA MACROCARPA TERHADAP INDEK MITOSIS SEL DAN PERTUMBUHAN DIAMETER KARSINOMA EPIDERMOID

Abstract

Background : Polyphenols in Phaleria macrocarpa (Mahkota Dewa) can inhibit and block growth factor receptor, and inhibit mitogen activated protein kinase (MAPK) in receptor tyrosine kinase (RTKs) pathway; which can be recognized from the decrease of mitotic index as a response to malignant cells and resistance of clinically tumor development which can be measured from tumor growth diameter. Objective of this study is to prove the difference of mitotic index and diameter alteration of tumor growth and to analyze the correlation between mitotic index and diameter alteration of tumor growth. Material and Method : A randomized pre and post test only control group design on 18 Swiss mices were divided into 4 groups. The first group is control group, group-2 was treated 0,0715 mg (0,36 ml) Phaleria macrocarpa/day, group-3 was treated paclitaxel 175 mg/m2 and cisplatin 50 mg/m2, and group 4 was treated 0,0715 mg (0,36 ml) Phaleria macrocarpa/day combined with paclitaxel 175 mg/m2 and cysplatin 50 mg/m2. All mice were inducted for epidermoid carcinoma with 9, 12-dimethyl-1,2-benzanthracene (DMBA) and 12-o-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA) topically. Tumor size diameter were measured before and after the administration of Phaleria macrocarpa, paclitaxel and cysplatin, and combined for 9 weeks. Mitotic index were measured at the end of treatment. Kruskal Wallis test and Man Whitney test was used to evaluate the progression of tumor diameter size and Man Whitney Test was used to analyze mitotic index. Spearman’s correlation test was performed to analyze the correlation between mitotic index and diameter alteration of tumor size. Results : There was significant difference in mitotic index and diameter alteration of tumor growth among groups with control. There was significant inhibition of tumor growth and decrease of mitotic index in group-4 compared with control group, group-2, and group-3. There was significant positive correlation between tumor mitotic index and diameter alteration of tumor size (r=0,813). Conclusion : Phaleria macrocarpa is able to decrease the mitotic index of tumor cells and inhibit tumor mass progression. Key words : Phaleria macrocarpa, mitotic index, tumor diameter, epidermoid carcinoma.