Analisis Determinan Pemanfaatan Buku KIA oleh Bidan Desa dan Ibu Hamil di Kabupaten Demak

Abstract

Universitas Diponegoro Fakultas Kesehatan Masyarakat Program Studi Magister Ilmu Kesehatan Masyarakat Konsentrasi Kesehatan Ibu dan Anak 2015 ABSTRAK Asih Ariani Analisis Determinan Pemanfaatan Buku KIA oleh Bidan Desa dan Ibu Hamil di Kabupaten Demak xvi + 126 halaman + 7 tabel + 4 gambar + 5 lampiran Buku KIA sebagai sumber informasi status kehamilan harus dibaca dan dibawa ibu saat periksa kehamilan. Buku KIA bagi bidan adalah catatan pemantauan ibu hamil dan bayi/balita sehingga harus diisi lengkap. Buku KIA tidak dibaca dan dianggap sebagai buku periksa. Bidan tidak menjelaskan Buku KIA karena kesibukan pekerjaan. Bidan hanya meminta ibu membawa Buku KIA ketika berkunjung. Buku KIA tidak diisi optimal sehingga kondisi kehamilan sulit dipantau. Tujuan penelitian menjelaskan determinan pemanfaatan Buku KIA dari bidan desa dan ibu hamil di Kabupaten Demak. Merupakan penelitian deskriptif dengan metode kualitatif. Subyek penelitian 10 ibu hamil dan 10 bidan desa. Informan triangulasi Bidan Koordinator dan Kasi Kesga Dinkes. Faktor determinan meliputi pengetahuan, sikap, kepercayaan, ketersediaan Buku KIA, fasilitas penunjang dan komunikasi. Data dikumpulkan dengan wawancara mendalam dan dianalisis dengan analisis isi. Pengetahuan bidan desa tentang Buku KIA sudah baik namun belum diaplikasikan bagi peningkatan pengetahuan ibu hamil, selain untuk pencatatan dan deteksi dini faktor resiko. Ibu hamil tahu Buku KIA karena sudah mengenal dan mengetahui pentingnya Buku KIA. Bidan desa dan ibu hamil percaya bahwa Buku KIA dapat dipakai sebagai panduan informasi riwayat dan deteksi kehamilan. Jumlah Buku KIA belum memenuhi sasaran dan harus pengadaan mandiri. Komunikasi terjalin melalui interaksi langsung menggunakan Buku KIA sebagai media. Minat ibu hamil untuk rutin memeriksakan kehamilan meningkat, termasuk keikutsertaan dalam “Kelas Ibu Hamil”. Meski Buku KIA sudah dimanfaatkan untuk periksa kehamilan, namun ibu hamil belum rutin mempelajarinya sesuai isi Buku KIA. Dinas Kesehatan perlu koordinasi dengan puskesmas dan bidan desa terkait jumlah sasaran supaya Buku KIA tepat pengadaannya. Monitoring dan supervisi dilakukan secara rutin berkala. Bidan Koordinator juga perlu melakukan supervisi fasilitatif dan pendampingan teknis bagi bidan desa. Kata kunci : Pemanfaatan Buku KIA, Bidan Desa, Kehamilan Kepustakaan : 38 (1974-2013) Diponegoro University Faculty of Public Health Master’s Program in Public Health Majoring in Maternal and Child Health 2015 ABSTRACT Asih Ariani Determinant Analysis of Utilising Maternal and Child Health Book by Village Midwives and Pregnant Women in Demak District xvi + 126 pages + 7 tables + 4 figures + 5 enclosures A Maternal and Child Health (MCH) book is a source of information about status of pregnancy that must be read and brought by pregnant women when visiting antenatal care services. The MCH book is utilised by midwives to monitor pregnant woman and baby/children under five years old. The MCH book was not read and was assumed as a check book. Midwives did not explain the MCH book due to busy at work. Midwives just asked mothers to bring the book when they visited them. The MCH book was not entirely filled by which pregnant condition was hard to be monitored. The aim of this study was to explain determinants of using the MCH book by village midwives and pregnant women in Demak District. This was descriptive research using a qualitative method. Research subjects consisted of 10 pregnant women and 10 village midwives. Informants for triangulation purpose involved Coordinator Midwives and Head of Family Health Section at District Health Office (DHO). Determinant factors consisted of knowledge, attitude, belief, availability of MCH books, supporting facilities, and communication. Data were collected by conducting indepth interview and analysed using content analysis. Generally, midwives’ knowledge of the MCH book was good. Notwithstanding, their knowledge had not been implemented to improve pregnant women’ knowledge. The MCH book was only utilised to record and to do early detection of risk factors. Pregnant women recognised the MCH book. They understood the importance of the MCH book. Village midwives and pregnant women believed that the MCH book could be utilised as an information guidance of history and detection of pregnancy. Number of the MCH books were not sufficient. In addition, the MCH books were provided independently. Communication was done through direct interaction using the MCH book as media. Pregnant women’ interest to routinely check their pregnancies and to participate in a pregnant women class increased. Pregnant women had not optimally learned the contents of the MCH book. DHO needs to do coordination with health centres, and midwives to precisely determine number of targets and the MCH books. Monitoring and supervising need to done regularly. Coordinator midwives need to do facilitative supervision and technical guidance for village midwives. Key Words: utilisation of MCH book; village midwife; pregnancy Bibliography: 38 (1974-2013)