ANALISIS PREVALENSI DAN FAKTOR RISIKO PASIEN DENGAN ISOLATED HYPOSPADIAS DI LABORATORIUM CEBIOR

Abstract

Background: Hypospadias is a common congenital anomaly characterized by the location of orificium urethra external between perineum and its normal position at the tip of the glans. It occurs in 17 per 10.000 male births. The risk factors of hypospadias are still unclear, so hypospadias is still difficult to prevent. Aims: To analyze prevalence and risk factors isolated hypospadias in patients referred to the Center for Biomedical Research (CEBIOR). Methods: Two hundred and forty nine patients were registered during the period January 2005-April 2015. Prevalence and risk factors were analyzed descriptively using secondary data and risk factors were also analyzed with Chi-Square test. Results: The declining number of patients with isolated hypospadias in CEBIOR was found because of the movement process of laboratory and alteration system of assurance. All of patients with isolated hypospadias had male karyotype 46, XY (100%). Based on the anatomic position of orificium urethra external, most of isolated hypospadias cases were penile hypospadias (60.69%). An increased risk of severe isolated hypospadias was found in mother aged older than 35 years old (PR: 1.976, 95% CI: 1.048-3.726). Parity, low birth weight, smoking father, pesticide exposure, mosquito repellant incense exposure, hormonal contraceptive use, and taking certain medication were not associated with increased severity of isolated hypospadias (p>0.05). Conclusions: The number of patients with isolated hypospadias in CEBIOR was decreased recently. The advanced maternal age was the risk factor of severe isolated hypospadias. Keywords: Isolated hypospadias, prevalence, parity, maternal age, birth weight, environmental factor